Butyltin trichloride

The oxide monobutyltin oxide [51590-67-1J, is a sesquioxide, C H SnO from which it is difficult to remove the last traces of water. It is an infusible, insoluble, amorphous white powder that forms when butyltin trichloride is hydrolyzed with base. The partially dehydrated material, butylstaimoic acid [2273-43-0] is slightly acidic and forms alkaH metal salts. These salts, ie, alkaH metal alkylstaimonates, form when excess alkaH is used to hydrolyze the organotin trichloride ... 

Substrates other than free cells were also examined for luminescence activity in the presence of tin and flavonol. For example, glass slides covered with a well-developed but uncharacterized biofllm growth were exposed to 4.5 x 10 H n-butyltin trichloride in ethanol for 60 min. The slides were subsequently rinsed with ethanol and exposed to 1.4 x H... 

Ema M, Kurosaka R, Amano H, Ogawa Y (1995) Comparative developmental toxicity of butyltin trichloride, dibutyitin dichloride and tributyitin chloride in rats. Journal of Applied Toxicology, 15(4) 297-302. 

Other work in this general area has shown that the photooxidation of PVC is retarded by zinc and cadmium stearates (63) and by Bu2SnCl2 (68), although it is accelerated by Bu2SnO and Bu2SnCl(SCH2C02-"isooctyl") (68). Butyltin trichloride first retards and then accelerates the photooxidation process (68). 

Butyl(tri-2-pyridyl)stannane can be prepared from 2-lithiopyridine and butyltin trichloride and also from the reaction of 2-lithiopyridine with stannocene. The product acts as a tridentate ligand, and the complexes with Li+ Mo(CO)3, and W(CO)3 have been characterized (Equation (57)). 

Butyltin trichloride reacts with the sodium salt of 2-mercaptoethanol to give a trinuclear oxathiastannolane, which, with butylmagnesium chloride, gives an oxathiaststannolane dimer, which can be prepared also from the reaction of butanestannonic acid with 2-mercaptoethanol (Equation (172)).s... 

Tetrahydropyran can be prepared by heating 1,5-dihydroxypentane at 190-210 C in the presence of butyltin trichloride (Scheme 4.12a). When the reaction is carried out using a cobalt catalyst [prepared by heating cobalt(II) oxalate (ethanedioate) under hydrogen at 600 °C] instead of the tin halide, the product is 3,4-dihydro-2 -pyran (Scheme 4.12b). 

CjH ClgSn Butyltin trichloride 113/17 C8Hi8Cl2Sn Dibutyltin dichloride 157/17... 

The 119Sn chemical shift of trichlorobutyltin mixed with 1 equiv of methanol in CDCI3, was at —181 ppm with respect to the uncoordinated molecule (—141.2 ppm), which confirmed the pentacoordination. In esters, intermediate values may suggest an equilibrium between tetra- and pentacoordinated species, or a weak coordination. Besides, the 17(SnC) for butyltin trichloride in CDCI3, where the metal is tetracoordinated, is 648 Hz in comparison with 939 Hz in the presence of 1 equivalent of methanol433. 

The reaction of butyltin trichloride with l-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzotriazol-2-yl)-propan-2-one gives an organotin complex that was formulated as containing the [BuSn(OH)Cl3]2 anion " . However, a reinvestigation of the crystal structure of this complex reveals a neutral hydroxyl-bridged aqua-butyldichlorotin hydroxide dimer that is linked to four 2-methylbenzothiazole molecules by short hydrogen bonds " . 

Similar reactions might be expected for the products of these insertion reactions which should lead to the formation of oligodistannoxanes, and indeed dibutyltin oxide will react progressively with dibutyltin dichloride and butyltin trichloride (but not tributyltin chloride) to give oligomers which are the equivalent of a soluble form of dibutyltin oxide (e.g. equations 12-22 and 12-23). They react with 2,2 -bipyridyl or 9,10-phenanthroline to give the derivatives of dibutyltin dichloride, and they are monomeric in benzene if coordination does occur from oxygen to tin, it can apparently be accomplished intra-molecularly.98... 

About 14% of the production of tin goes into tin chemicals a further breakdown is not possible because of the commercial sensitivity of the information. Tin tetrachloride and butyltin trichloride are used for coating glass with Sn02 (see Chapter 3.1), and float glass is produced on a molten pool of tin. 

Second generation products were mixed mono-/di-alkyl tin long-chain mercaptans. The stabilizer is synthesized directly from an appropriate combination of mono-n-butyltin trichloride and di-n-butyltin dichloride, which is reacted with a suitable quantity of /-octyl mercaptoacetate and sodium sulfide. Although the tin content in the stabilizer is increased to about 22%, these products are often used in diluted form to aid in their handling, while reducing losses. 

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