Butyl scopolamine

N-butyl-scopolamine (BuS) cimetropium (Cim) ipratropium (Ipra) N-methyl-scopolamine (MeS)... 

The permanent positive charge of QTA influences distribution in vivo and prevents passage of blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier [30, 31]. Myolitic QTA are muscarinic receptor antagonists but allow a better therapeutic index as they are insoluble in lipids and thus poorly systemically absorbed (e.g. bioavailability of A-butyl-scopolamine after oral intake <1 % [30]). Therefore, spasmolytic activity in the GIT (by, e.g. cimetropium, butropium or /V-butyl-scopolamine, Fig. 1), respiratory tract (ipratropium, Fig. 1) and overactive bladder (trospium, Fig. 1) appears as the primary local effect whereas systemic side effects are markedly minimized or absent [32-34],... 

Bond Elut (Agilent) and CBA ISOLUTE (International Sorbent technology) both representing an irregular end-capped mixed-mode phase of a weak cation exchanger (carboxylic acid) and a mid-polarity sorbent. /V-butyl-scopolamine was extracted accordingly from equine urine [78], Elution of analytes was achieved by the use of a methanolic solution acidified either with 1 M HC1 [54] or 1 % formic acid [78] allowing competition between QTA and hydronium ions. Recoveries were between 96 and 103 % [54] (Table 4). 

Suppressing matrix effects on ionization of ipratropium (21 % suppression) were described by Ariffin and Anderson when analysing SPE extracts of whole blood by gradient RP-LC-ESI MS/MS [54], In contrast, only slight ion suppression was described by John et al. for simultaneous measuring of cocaine (4 %), homatropine (4 %), ipratropium (4 %),, S-hyoscyaminc (3 %), littorine (1 %), A-butyl-scopolamine (1 %), and scopolamine (10 %) by gradient RP-LC-ESI MS/MS [50], In this study plasma samples were precipitated with acetonitrile and the supernatant was further diluted prior to injection. 

Similar and considerable lower maximum therapeutic drug concentrations in human plasma were analysed in PK studies with iV-butyl-scopolamine (about 1 ng/... 

Frascht M, Schneider S, Schuman M, Wennig R (2007) Formation of scopolamine from /V-butyl-scopolamine bromide in cigarettes. J Anal Toxicol 31 220-223... 

No special patient preparation is necessary for pelvic MRI in most cases, unless otherwise stated in the respective chapters. When making an appointment for a pelvic MRI, the patient should be informed about the most important aspects of an MR examination. This also includes questions regarding contraindications to MRI or to IV contrast agent administration. In this way,the patient maybe spared a trip to the MRI center and an effective workflow in the MRI department is ensured. Moreover, the patient should be informed beforehand that a spasmolytic agent will be given to reduce artifacts due to bowel peristalsis, which would degrade image quality. Patients who will receive butyl scopolamine should be told that vision may be transiently impaired immediately after the examination. Finally, the patient should be asked about claustrophobia. If a patient is likely to need sedation, she has to be warned about possible adverse effects. 

Butylscopolamine bromide Scopolamine butyl bromide Hyoscin butyl bromide)... 

Common Name Butylscopolamin(e) bromide Butylscopolamini bromidum Butylscopolammonium bromide Hyoscine butyl bromide Scopolamine butyl bromide Scopolaminium butylbromatum... 

Synonyms. Butylscopolamonii Bromidum Hyoscine-A-Butyl Bromide Scopolamine Butylbromide. 

A volume of the extract containing 0.05 to 0.15 mg of alkaloid was mixed with mM iodine in dichloroethane (1 ml). This mixture was diluted to 10 ml with dichloroethane. The extinction of the charge transfer complex at the maximum at 280 nm or 295 nm was measured against a reagent blank. The procedure has been successfully applied to atropine, hyos-cyamine, scopolamine, homatropine and their N-butyl analoges (94). 

Some authors recommend that an antiperistaltic (1 unit of glucagons or 20 mg of scopolamine butyl-hromide) be administered intramuscularly or intravenously before examination. 

Hyoscine-N-butyl bromide is a quaternary ammonium variant of hyoscine (scopolamine) formed by adding a butyl group to the tertiary amine group. It is mainly used to relieve temporal spasms of the intestine or menstrual cramps. It produces very moderate side effects, especially in the CNS. The long-term use of hyoscine-N-butyl bromide for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has been reported as well (three daily doses of 10 mg). The dmg is available in oral dosage forms with doses of 10-35 mg. 

Over the past few decades, the biosyntheses of tropane alkaloids such as (—)-hyoscyamine, (—)-scopolamine, and (—)-cocaine have been studied extensively [18]. The skeletons of all these alkaloids feature the tropinone moiety, produced by oxidation and subsequent cyclization of (-b)-hygrine (17) [19]. It was envisioned that RCM could be invoked in order to develop an enantioselective synthesis of 17 [20]. As depicted in Scheme 2.5, a phase-transfer catalytic allylation reaction with methaUyl bromide converted t-butyl ester 13 into product 14 with 97% ee. Metathesis precursor 15 was then prepared in six more steps, including transformation of the t-butyl ester of 14 into a terminal olefin. Dihydropyrrole 17 was formed in quantitative yield by RCM employing [Ru]-II (8 mol%). Subsequent hydrogenation and deprotection of 16 led to (-l-)-hygrine 17 with overall yield of 29% and an ee of 97%. 

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