Waveguides buried channel

What makes EIM susceptible to be mistaken are configurations with regions, where no guided mode can be determined. If more than an estimate of the propagation constant is required, e.g. in order to calculate the half-beat length of a buried channel waveguide directional coupler configuration from the mode indices of the symmetric and anti-symmetric supermodes, EIM should be superseded by a more accurate method. 

W. Huang, H. A. Hans, and H. N. Yoon, Ananlysis of buried-channel waveguides and couplers scalar solution and polarization correction. Journal of Lightwave Technology 8, 642-648 (1990). 

In this work, we report on the fabrication of buried channel waveguide lasers in Nd YAG ceramics by using a two line confinement approach. Light confinement has been achieved between two... 

Rodenas A, Benayas A, Macdonald JR, Zhang J, Tang DY, Jaque D et al (2011) Direct laser writing of near-lR step-index buried channel waveguides in rare earth doped YAG. Opt Lett 36 3395-3397... 

As an alternative to the traditional buried channel waveguides, liquid core waveguides can be... 

We shall see later in this chapter that photochemical reactions can be used to define buried channel waveguides. Spatially selective electric field poling can be used with such photoinduced reactions to optimize optical mode matching in the transition between polymer electro-optic modulator waveguides and silica fiberoptic waveguides. 

The two most commonly used approaches to fabricating buried channel waveguides are reactive ion etching (RIE) and multicolor photolithography (photochemical etching) [12]. 

Electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) etching provides even better control (due to magnetic field confinement) of the reactive plasma and yields smoother walls th . are obtained with RIE. A typical ECR instrument is the PlasmaQuest model 375 machine. Thus, both RIE and ECR methods permit fabrication of buried channel waveguides with negligible optical loss due to channel or ridge preparation. 

We have carried out extensive investigations of the sources of poling induced optical loss and of losses associated with the fabrication of buried channel waveguide structures and the intergration of polymeric modulator waveguides with silica optical fibers. 

K. W. Steijn, B.L. Booth and J.E. Marchegiano, Bragg Gratings in Photopolymer Buried-Channel Waveguides ,... 

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