Brown rot fungus

Brown rot fungus Fungus that attacks cellulose and hemicellulose in wood, leaving dark-colored lignin and phenolic materials behind. 

It has been suggested that the transformations accomplished by the brown-rot fungus Gleophyllum striatum may involve hydroxyl radicals, and this is supported by the overall similarity in the structures of the fungal metabolites with those produced with Fenton s reagent (Wetzstein et al. 1997). 

Wetzstein H-G, N Schmeer, W Karl (1997) Degradation of the fluoroquinolone enrofloxacin by the brown-rot fungus Gleophyllum striatum identiflcation of metabolites. Appl Environ Microbiol 63 4272-4281. 

Wetzstein H-G, M Stadler, H-V Tichy, A Dalhoff, W Karl (1999) Degradation of ciprofloxacin by basidiomycetes and identification of metabolites generated by the brown rot fungus Gloeophyllum striatum. Appl Environ Microbiol 65 1556-1563. 

Wetzstein H-G, N Schmeer, W Karl (1997) Degradation of the fluoroquinolone enrofloxacin by the brown-rot fungus Gleophyllum striatum identification of metabolites. Appl Environ Microbiol 63 4272-4281. Wondrack LM, C-A Hsu, MT Abbott (1978) Thymine-7-hydroxylase and pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside 2 -hydroxylase activities in Rhodotorula glutinis. J Biol Chem 253 6511-6515. 

Brown-rot fungus (isolate MAD-698) was grown on sterile 12 mm glass slips placed on the surface of 2% (w/v) malt agar removed when about 50% covered were localized using colloidal gold labeled monoclonal antibodies to the B-l, 4-xylanase fraction of P. placenta-, enzymes were localized on the hyphal surface... 

Kim YS, GoodellB, Jellison J. Immuno-electron microscopic localization of extracellular metabolites in spruce wood decayed by brown-rot fungus, Postia placenta. International Research Group on Wood Decay, Stockholm, Sweden, 1990 1441. 

Rowell, R.M., Youngquist, J.A. and Imamura, Y. (1988). Shength tests on acetylated aspen flake boards exposed to a brown-rot fungus. Wood and Fiber Science, 20(2), 266-271. 

Viitanen, H. and Paajanen, L. (1988). The critical moisture and temperature conditions for the growth of some mould fungi and the brown rot fungus Coniophora puteana on wood. International Research Group on Wood Preservation, Doc. No. IRGAVP 1369. 

Sweetgum Sapwood by White-Rot and Brown-Rot Fungus, Technol. Bull. 1256, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Serv., I96I, P 50. 

As Figure 1 depicts, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), which occurs ubiquitously in higher plants and the wood-rotting Basidiomycetes (1-3), seems to play a common central role in the conversion of phenylalanine (by deamination) to a wide variety of secondary metabolites. These include lignins in higher plants (4), veratryl alcohol in the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium (4a), and methyl p-anisate in the brown-rot fungus... 

Figure 2. The phenylalanine-cinnamate pathway in the brown-rot fungus Ltntinus lepideus.

Figure 3. Relationship between secondary metabolite production, consumption of nitrogen and carbon sources, and growth of the brown-rot fungus Lentinus lepideus (HC-LN medium).

Table I. Secondary Metabolites Produced by the Brown-Rot Fungus Lenti-nus lepideus (15)...

Paszczynski, A., Crawford, R., Funk, D., and Goodell, B., (1999). De novo synthesis of 4,5-dimethoxycatechol and 2,5-dimethoxyhydroquinone by the brown rot fungus Gloeo-phyllum trabeum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65, 674-679. 

Sztejnberg, A., and Jones, A.L. 1978. Tolerance of the brown rot fungus Monilinia fructicola to iprodione, vinclozolin and procymidone fungicides. (Abstr.) Phytopathol. News 12 187. 

This was a problem in canned apricots a few years ago, where a relatively heat-stable polygalacturonase from the brown rot fungus was the culprit (26). 

The decay resistance of FA-treated wood to a white-rot fungus Coriolus versicolor) is remarkable, but not to a brown-rot fungus (Tyromycespalustris) (33). Meanwhile, the termite resistance is enhanced regardless of wood species and the method of treatment (33). 

Decay and Weather Resistance. The decay resistance of hot-melted and self-bonded boards was evaluated using pure cultures of the white-rot fungus (Coriolus versicolor L. ex Fr.) and the brown-rot fungus (Tyromyces palustris... 

Table 2 Laboratory Tests of Epichlorohydrin-Treated Wood Inoculated with the Brown-Rot Fungus Tyromyces palustris...

Monilinia brown rot Fungus grows after the blossoms open through the flower stalk into the wood and leads to the well-known brown rot appearance of first petals not determined risk of infection in cool wet weather. Cut out diseased shoots. Bear varietal differences in mind. Schattenmorelle especially susceptible... 

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