Bristol, William

Understanding alloys in terms of electron theory. The band theory of solids had no impact on the thinking of metallurgists until the early 1930s, and the link which was eventually made was entirely due to two remarkable men - William Hume-Rothery in Oxford and Harry Jones in Bristol, the first a chemist by education and the second a mathematical physicist. 

Daintith, J., et al. (1994), in Biographical Encyclopedia of Scientists, eds. William, G., Ernst, M. and Bakhuis, R. 2 volumes, 2nd edition (Institute of Physics Publishing, Bristol and Philadelphia). 

Norton, Thomas.The ordinall of alchimy, by Thomas Norton of Bristoll, being a facsimile reproduction from Theatrum chemicum britannicum with annotations by Elias Ashmole with introduction by E. J. Holmyard. Baltimore (MD) The Williams ... 

Brock, William H. 1985. From Protyle to Proton William Prout and the Nature of Matter, 1785-1985. Bristol and Boston Adam Hilger. 

Jurgens MD, Williams RJ, Johnson AC (1999) Research and development technical report P161. Environment Agency, Bristol... 

The first reports from Tulsa led the FDA to dispatch the agency s chief medical officer, Theodore G. Klumpp, accompanied by an inspector, William T. Ford, from Cincinnati, to the plant in Bristol at which Elixir Sulfanilamide had been conceived and first prepared (21, 22) ... 

Argon Ar 1894 (London and Bristol, England) John William Strutt,aka Lord Rayleigh (British) and Sir William Ramsay (Scottish) 267... 

Morris William Travers. Honorary professor at the University of Bristol. Formerly director of the Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore Co-discoverer with Sir William Ramsay of the inert gases, neon, krypton, and xenon. He is an authority on glass... 

Pharmacia.com/. Pvrazoles, Pyrazoiines, and Pyrazolones William H, Koster, Bristol-Myers Stiuihh Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton. NJ, http //w w w bms.com/rcsearch/dala/. Antibiotics Monobactams... 

William J. Metzler Bristol Myers Squibb, Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA... 

Others. In any appreciation of the work of a department, one can always identify many dedicated, hard-working chemists and engineers who played important roles in the department s technical achievements. Among the people who made my seven years at Bristol-Myers so successful were chemical engineers Walt Williams, Bruce Shutts, Stephen Yu, Dave Warner, and Dave Angel and chemists, Drs. Chester Sapino,... 

Moseley, P.T., Stoneham, A.M. and Williams, D.E. (1991) Oxide semiconductors patterns of gas response behaviour according to material type. In Technology and Mechanisms in Gas Sensing, Moseley, P.T., Norris, J.O.W. and D.E. Williams (eds), Adam Hilger, Bristol. 

Fortey and Williams were at University College, Bristol, while Taylor undertook research at Bristol in her spare time. In fact, all three of them were there about the signing period of 1903-1904. But how did word reach the Bristol trio Williams had been a collaborator of Ramsay when Ramsay had been at Bristol (see Chap. 5). As Ramsay was a fervent supporter of women s rights, it is quite possible that he conveyed news of the petition to Williams, who then passed it to her colleagues. 

When William Ramsay had been at Bristol College, he had had a woman research student, Katherine Williams (see Chap. 5). 

At Bristol in the early days of the College there were but few advanced students capable of taking part in research. Among these Miss K. I. Williams, whose death took place in January 1917, deserves to be mentioned. Ramsay suggested to her an investigation into the composition of various food stuffs, cooked and uncooked, and this enquiry occupied her continued attention till the close of her life thirty-five years later.111... 

Miss Katherine Williams, who worked for many years in the department on the chemistry of cooked fish, came first under Ramsay. It is said that he suggested that she should repeat the Cavendish experiment on air, but she chose something easier, the determination of the oxygen dissolved in water (p. 69). Later, when he and Miss K. Williams, at Bristol, were investigating an alleged allotropic form of nitrogen (Proc. Chem. Soc., 1886), he says that he suggested that she should... 

Williams signed the 1904 petition for admission of women to the Chemical Society and the 1909 letter to Chemical News (see Chap. 2). During her career, she authored 10 papers on the chemistry of food over 14 years, obtaining a B.Sc. (Bristol) by research in 1910 in her early 60s. She was in Switzerland when the First World War commenced and, according to her obituarist, the anxiety and actual hardships she suffered before being able to return to England told severely on her constitution. 113 Williams died in January 1917 and unfortunately the full account of her research on food chemistry was never published, as the following comment in the obituary described ... 

Following after Williams, Emily Comber Fortey,114 daughter of Henry Fortey, Inspector of Schools (India), was a student at Bristol from 1892, receiving a B.Sc. (London) in 1896. She was awarded a prestigious Science Research Scholarship of the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851, which she used for research at Owens College, Manchester, over the period 1896-1898. Her research, together with that of the Russian chemist Vladimir Markovnikov, showed that the cyclohexane fractions from American, Galician, and Caucasian crude oil deposits were identical. 

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