Brain tissue carbohydrate metabolism

Hormones have a profound effect on carbohydrate metabolism. Great interest has been aroused by reports of hormonal control of hexokinase activity by specific proteins in animal tissues.99- 100 Hexokinase action is the rate-limiting step in the uptake of D-glucose by muscle. Hexokinase is inhibited in diabetic muscle, but the inhibition can be partially reversed by insulin. A protein fraction from the anterior pituitary gland will inhibit the hexokinase of extracts of brain and muscle, and the effect of this... 

Lipid and carbohydrate metabolism occur to different extents in different organs. The liver regulates the flow of metabolites to brain, muscle, and adipose tissue and ultimately controls the concentration of blood glucose. Adipose tissue is the major storage depot for fatty acids. Triglycerides... 

Tbiamine, aneurin or vitamin Bj is directly concerned with intermediate carbohydrate metabolism, and the extensive work of R. Peters has shown that in the form of its diphosphoric ester (co-carboxylase), it works in conjunction with the dicarboxylic acid system of Szent-Gy5rgyi in brii ing about the characteristic oxidation of pyruvate in brain tissue. 

In mammals, organs like the gut, liver, pancreas, brain, adipose tissue, and muscles play a critical role in the overall carbohydrate, fat, and amino acid homeostasis. In Figures 5 and 6, the metabolic relationships are summarized for the fed and starving states in a simplified manner. 

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