Brain acetylcholine content

Preclinical studies have found reductions in brain acetylcholine content and disruption of the activity of cholinergic neurons following prenatal exposure to opiates (Robinson, 2000). Other work has documented increased hypothalamic norepinephrine content and tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity following prenatal exposure to opiates (Vathy et ah, 2000). 

Richter, D. Crossland, J. (1949). Variation in acetylcholine content of the brain with physiological state. Am. J. Physiol. 159, 247-55. 

Milosevic. M.P. 1970. Acetylcholine content In the brain of rats treated with paraoxon and obldoxlme. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 39 732-737. 

Vaslc, B.V., Milosevic, M.P. 1977. Acetylcholine content and cholinesterase activity in the ponto-medullary region of brain In rats treated with armln and obldoxlme. Blochem. Pharmacol. 26 601-602. 

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Figure 2, B, presents the most significant results of this study in graphic form. It shows that the acetylcholine content of the brain rose from a control level of 3.5 fig. per gram of tissue to 4.67 fig. per gram 24 hours after the third Di-Syston injection. It had returned to 3.57 fig. per gram after the tenth injection and remained at or near the control level thereafter.

B. Acetylcholine content of the brain. Numbers in parentheses indicate number of animals used. Standard error of mean indicated at each point. 

Our data show that the acetylcholine content of the brain of rats chronically poisoned by daily injections of Di-Syston was high during the first few days of the injection period when the acute signs of poisoning were prominent, and that it had returned to control levels when the acute phase of poisoning had subsided. 

Brodeur and DuBois observed that the free acetylcholine content of the brain rose to high levels in the poisoned animals, particularly at the 3rd and 6th hours after the last Di-Syston injection, and this phenom-... 

Kita, T., Hata, T., Higashiguchi, T., Itah, E., and Kawabata, A., Changes of total acetylcholine content and the activity of related enzymes in SART (Repeated cold)-stress rat brain and duodenum, Jpn. J. Pharmacol, 40, 174, 1986. 

Hata, T., Kita, T., Higash, T., and Ichide, S., Total acetylcholine content and activities of choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase in brain and duodenum of SART stressed (repeated cold stressed) rat, Jpn. J. Pharmacol, 41, 475, 1986. 

The apparently wide distribution of cholinergic neurones presumably accounts for the ease with which it is possible to demonstrate drug-induced changes in the acetylcholine content of brain and in the rate of its release from the irrigated cerebral cortex. 

Crossland and MitchelB argued that, since the cerebellum has a low acetylcholine content, it might be a richer source of non-cholinergic transmitter substances than the rest of the brain. They therefore studied the action of crude extracts of the cerebellum, and of other parts of the brain, on the electrical activity of the cerebellum of the decerebrate rabbit. These... 

The symptoms of extrapyramidal involvement which accompany treatment by many of the psychotropic drugs are generally described as Parkinsonian . Although the symptoms respond to treatment by anti-Parkinsonian drugs, they cannot be attributed either to dopamine deficiency or to acetylcholine excess. Thus, the extent of the spasticity produced in cats by chlorpromazine, prochlorperazine and mepazine bears no relation to the degree of dopamine depletion in the corpus striatum . Neither chlorpromazine nor reserpine have a marked effect on the acetylcholine content of brain nor do they alter the proportion of free ester . 

Prevents reduction of acetylcholine content in brain cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and striamm modulates neurotransmitter levels... 

Aldridge WN, Clothier B, Froshaw P, Johnson MK, Parker VH, Price RJ, Skilleter DN, Verscholyle RD, Stevens C (1978) The effect of DDT and the pyrethroids cismethrin and decamethrin on the acetylcholine and cyclic nucleotide content of rat brain. Biochem Pharmacol 27 1703-1706... 

Thioperamide (20 mg/kg) in combination with zolantidine (20 mg/kg) significantly increased contents of choline in the brain. However, in case of clobenpropit, we could not detect any changes in acetylcholine or choline levels. Therefore, the changes of choline induced by thioperamide may not be due to histamine H3 hetero receptors or probably hetero receptors played a minor role in the modulation of acetylcholine release. 

Effects of Chronic Poisoning by an Organophosphorus Cholinesterase Inhibitor on Acetylcholine and Norepinephrine Content of the Brain... 

The method is essentially specific for alcohol esters of choline and measures the total acetylcholine (free plus bound) content of the brain tissue. There is no interference from other substances which might have acetylcholine-like effects in biological assay. The results are expressed as micrograms of acetylcholine per gram of wet tissue. 

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