Bracken fern, Pteridium

Ojika, M., Wakamatsu, K., Niwa, H. and Yamada, K. 1987. Ptaquiloside, a potent carciogen isolated from bracken fern, Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum. structure elucidation based on chemical and spectral evidence, and reactions with aminoacids, nucleotides and nucleosides. Tetrahedron 43 5261-5274. 

Salto, M., Umeda, M., Enomoto, M., Hatanaka, Y., Natori, S., Yoshlhlra, K., Fukuoka, M. and Kuroyanagl, M. 1975. Cytotoxicity and carcinogenicity of pterosins and pterosides, 1-indanone derivatives and bracken fern Pteridium aquilinum). Experientia 31 824-831. 

A great deal of natural variability often is present in a fungal population. Webb and Lindov ( ) found isolates of Ascochvta Dteridis (Bres.) Sacc. from bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn) to vary in virulence, spore production, and tolerance to desiccation. Isolates of biocontrol fungi are routinely screened for desired characteristics such as increased virulence, abundant spore production, and environmental tolerance (1 ,. ... 

THE CHEMISTRY AND TOXICOLOGY OF BIO ACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN BRACKEN FERN (PTERIDIUM SSP), WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CHEMICAL ECOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS... 

Jones, C. G. Chemical content and insect resistance of bracken fern [Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn]". Doctoral Thesis, University of York. England. 1977. 

The bracken fern, Pteridium aquilinum, has been shown... 

Pamukcu, A.M., Yalciner, S., Hatcher, J.F. and Bryan, G.T. (1980). Quercetin, a rat intestinal and bladder carcinogen present in bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum). Cancer Res. 40, 3468-3472. 

Ptaquiloside is an instable glucoside present in the widely distributed bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum). Under alkaline conditions, it is converted in a conjugated diene-one which is readily added to various nucleophilic compounds. Therefore, it has a carcinogenic potency [9]. 

The reversal of the inhibitory action of asulam on wheat, wild oats, and carrots by exogenous applications of folic acid and p-aminobenzoic acid has been demonstrated by a number of investigators. The antagonism of asulam by 2.4-D on bracken fern [Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn] appeared to be linked to an interaction of the two herbicides on protein synthesis rather than the biosynthesis of folic acid. ... 

Fukuoka, M. Chemical and Toxicological Studies on Bracken Fern, Pteridium aqui-linum var. latiusculum. VI. Isolation of 5-0-Caffeoylshikimic Acid as an Antithiamine Factor. Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Japan) 30, 3219 (1982). 

Hoeven, J.C.M., W.J. Lagerweij, M.A. Posthumus, A. Veldhuizen and H.A.J. Holterman Aquilide A, a New Mutagenic Compound Isolated from Bracken Fern Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn). Carcinogenesis 4, 1587 (1983). 

HASHi, and T. Sugimura Chemical and Toxicological Studies on Bracken Fern, Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum. IV. Surveys on Bracken Constituents by Mutagen Test. J. Pharm. Dyn. 1, 324 (1978). 

---