Bowel function secondary

In patients with constipation, the principal goals are to (1) identify and treat secondary causes, (2) relieve symptoms, and (3) restore normal bowel function. 

Aydogan T, Kanbay M, Uz B, Kaya A, Bozalan R, Isik A, Bozalan R, Erkman M, Akcay A. Fatal hyperphosphatemia secondary to phosphosoda bowel preparation in a geriatric patient with normal renal function. J. Clin Gastroenterol 2006 40 177. 

In adults, GH deficiency is associated with a defined endocrinopathy that includes increased mortality from cardiovascular causes, probably secondary to deleterious changes in fat distribution, increases in circulating lipids, and increased inflammation decreased muscle mass and exercise capacity decreased bone density and impaired psychosocial function. In GH-deficient adults, the consensus is that the most severely affected GH-defident adults may benefit the most from GH replacement therapy. The FDA also has approved GH therapy for AIDS-associated wasting and for malabsorption associated with the short bowel syndrome. In this latter setting, GH is administered once daily for 4 weeks. 

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