Bovine surveillance

OIE (World Animal Health Organization). 2006b. Surveillance for Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy. Terrestrial Animal Health Code Article 3.8.4. Paris, France. 

USDA-FSIS. 2004. Prohibition of the use of specified risk materials for human food and requirements for the disposition of non-ambulatory disabled cattle meat produced by advanced meat/bone separation machinery and meat recovery (AMR) systems prohibition of the use of certain stunning devices used to slaughter Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy surveillance program interim final rules and notice. Federal Register 9CFR 310.22. 

USDA. 2006a. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) ongoing surveillance plan. Accessed on 1I1IFS7 at http //www.aphis.usda.gov/newsroom/hot issues/bse/downloads/ BSE ongoing surv plan final 71406%20.pdf. 

The confirmatory assay for flunixin in bovine liver utilized capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to isolate and confirm the structure of the marker residue. The extraction procedure is similar to that for the surveillance assay, except that following extraction of the acidified aqueous layer, the organic layer is dried with sodium sulfate, concentrated to dryness under nitrogen, derivatized with trimethylsilane, and a portion of the derivatized extract analyzed by capillary gas... 

Belongia EA, Irving SA, Shui IM. Real-time surveillance to assess risk of intussusception and other adverse events after pentavalent, bovine-derived rotavirus vaccine. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2010 29 1-5. 

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