Bovine serum albumin formation

Isab, A.A., Shaw, C.E. Ill and Locke, J. (1988) GC-MS and oxygen-17 NMR tracer studies of triethylphosphine oxide formation from auranofin and water- O in the presence of bovine serum albumin an in vitro model for auranofin metabolism. Inorganic Chemistry, 27, 3406-3409. 

Membranes offer a format for interaction of an analyte with a stationary phase alternative to the familiar column. For certain kinds of separations, particularly preparative separations involving strong adsorption, the membrane format is extremely useful. A 5 x 4 mm hollow-fiber membrane layered with the protein bovine serum albumin was used for the chiral separation of the amino acid tryptophan, with a separation factor of up to 6.6.62 Diethey-laminoethyl-derivatized membrane disks were used for high-speed ion exchange separations of oligonucleotides.63 Sulfonated membranes were used for peptide separations, and reversed-phase separations of peptides, steroids, and aromatic hydrocarbons were accomplished on C18-derivatized membranes. 

Peroxynitrite easily oxidizes nonprotein and protein thiyl groups. In 1991, Radi et al. [102] have shown that peroxynitrite efficiently oxidizes cysteine to its disulfide form and bovine serum albumin (BSA) to some derivative of sulfenic acid supposedly via the decomposition to nitric dioxide and hydroxyl radicals. Pryor et al. [124] suggested that the oxidation of methionine and its analog 2-keto-4-thiomethylbutanic acid occurred by two competing mechanisms, namely, the second-order reaction of sulfide formation and the one-electron... 

Boundary managing, in R D, 21 619-620 Boundary spanning, in R D, 21 619 Bound chloride formation, 10 358 Bound moisture, 9 96 Bourdon tube, 20 647-649 Boussinesq approximation, 11 779 Boutique fuels, 12 419 Bovatec, 20 136 Bovine hemoglobin, 4 125 Bovine insulin, 3 817 Bovine serum albumin (BSA), 20 573 properties of standard, 3 836t Bovine somatotropin (BST), 10 871 Bovine spongiform encephalitis/... 

Other 4-nitrophenyl esters have also been reported to be substrates of various hydrolases. For example, 4-nitrophenyl hexanoate (7.19) was hydrolyzed by bovine serum albumin [39], The affinity of the substrate for the macromolecule was found to be high (Km/n = 0.040 mM, where n is the number of sites), but the reaction itself was slow ( = 5 10-3 s-1, where k2 is the first-order rate constant of the formation of the phenol product from the enzyme-substrate complex). Another ester, 4-nitrophenyl pivalate (7.20), was hydrolyzed by cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase at a maximum velocity ca. 1/3 and an affinity ca. 1/20 those of the acetate [40], However, the rate-limiting steps were different for the two substrates, namely acylation of the enzyme for the pivalate, and acyl-enzyme hydrolysis for the acetate (see Chapt. 3). 

Since small haptens are not immunogenic -i.e. do not usually stimulate the formation of antibodies-, they must be coupled to a carrier protein. For instance, Schultz [22b] described the coupling of the hapten to the carrier proteins bovine serum albumin (BSA) and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), in order to generate antibodies for his specific studies. 

The finding that the administration of 6-mercaptopurine to rabbits following exposure to bovine serum albumin prevented antibody formation [374] formed the basis for a new area of chemotherapy for purine analogues and other antimetabolites and was soon followed by the use of these drugs for the therapy of autoimmune disease and the suppression of homograft rejection. This subject has been reviewed in depth [ 12, 375, 375a], has occasioned a symposium [376], and has received much recent publicity as a result of human heart transplants. 

D Eberle, RP Hummel, R Kuhn. Chiral resolution of pantoprazole sodium and related sulfoxides by complex formation with bovine serum albumin in capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 759 185—192, 1997. 

Wen, X., Frances, E.I. (2001). Adsorption of bovine serum albumin at the air-water interface and its effect on the formation of DPPC surface film. Colloids and Surfaces A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 190, 319-332. 

While gelation temperature Is usually considered a characteristic property of a given protein system, the heating conditions required for gel formation may be Interrelated to all of the previously mentioned factors. It has been observed that WPG dispersions In 0.2 M NaCl will gel at 75 C while a temperature of 90 C Is required to gel WPG dispersions In distilled water (1). Heating time, at a specific temperature, required to form a protein gel structure Is generally considered to decrease with Increased protein concentration. Alteration of heat treatment conditions affects the gel s macroscopic and microscopic structural attributes. This has been dramatically shown by Tombs (A) with electromlcroscoplc evaluation of bovine serum albumin gels. 

Korchak and Weissmann employed triphenylethylphosphonium as a means of exploring the effects of external sodium on the responses of PMNs to stimulation with an antigen-antibody complex (bovine serum albumin-antibovine serum albumin), an ionophore for calcium (A 23187), and Con A. Both the formation of O by PMNs and the release of their lysosomal enzymes were diminished by reduction in... 

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