Bourgeonal

The bourgeoning interest in twisted or atypical amide linkages has resulted in a need to better understand the chemical and physical consequences of disconnection between the amide nitrogen lone pair and its carbonyl. To this end, Mucsi and coworkers recently defined a new amidity index, which shows some promise in quantifying relative amide character . 

Blackcurrant absolute (Bourgeons de cassis absolute, cassis absolute) is obtained by solvent extraction via the concrete obtained from the dormant buds of the blackcurrant bush Ribes nigrum L. (Saxifragaceae). The yield is ca. 3%. Blackcurrant absolute is a dark green paste with the characteristic, powerful, penetrating odor of blackcurrants. The typical catty note is caused by a sulfurous trace constituent, 4-methoxy-2-methyl-2-butenethiol [80324-91-0] [286-288]. 

Butyl hydrocinnamic aldehyde, p-tert (Bourgeonal) 3% sensitiz. 

Rigaud, J., Etievant, R, Henry, R., Latrasse, A. (1986). Le methoxy-4-methyl-2-butanethiol-2, un constituant majeur de I arome du bourgeon de cassis. Sci. Aliment, 6, 213-220. 

Doszczak L, Kraft P, Weber H-P, Bertermann R, Triller A, Hatt H, Tacke R. Prediction of perception probing the hOR17-4 olfactory receptor model with silicon analogues of bourgeonal and lilial. Angew. Chem. Internal. Ed. 2007 46 3367-3371. 

Bourgeon R. Cholangite sclerosante due au formol dans le traitement du kyste hydatique du foie. [Sclerosing... 

Albitar S, Bourgeon B, Genin R, Fen-Chong M, N Guyen P, Serveaux MO, Atchia H, Schohn D. Bilateral retrobulbar optic neuritis with hepatitis B vaccination. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1997 12(10) 2169-70. 

F. J. Loge, K. Bourgeons, and R. W. Emerick, Variations in wastewater quality parameters influencing UV disinfection performance relative impact of filtration. Journal of Environmental Engineering 127(9), 832-837 (2001). 

Black Currant Buds, Schwarze Johannisbeer-Knospen, Bourgeons de Cassis... 

Usage The dark green extract (paste) of the leaf buds is mainly produced in France (Absolue Bourgeons de Cassis) and is used for boosting the flavour of black currant preparations. 

All the materials were perceived to be floral and muguet in character, so these characteristics are not shown on the map. Cyclamen aldehyde, Lilial and Bourgeonal are the most fruity of the samples and are grouped together on the right-hand side of the map, while Lyral and... 

Since the blossom oil of lily of the valley is not commercially available, the perfumers have to rely on synthetic substitutes, such as hydroxy-citronellal (1), Lilial (3) and Bourgeonal (6) to create their muguet fragrances. The oldest lily of the valley odorants, hydroxycitronellal and cyclamen aldehyde (2) (Winthrop Chem. Corp., 1929), were discovered by chance. Serendipity still continues to play an important role. Anselmi et al. (1992) synthesized and organoleptically screened a series of 38 tetrahydropyranyl ethers. This class of compounds was chosen because of their ease of synthesis and purification, and because of their stability in alkaline media, conditions under which aldehydes tend to undergo aldol condensations. Two compounds (24 and 25) were described as having a white, floral odour reminiscent of hydroxycitro-... 

Bourgeonal and hydroxycitronellal. Interestingly, a perfumer can often distinguish the typical odour of certain functional groups. Salicylates tend to have a woody character, which is modified by the length of the attached aliphatic chain or ring structure. Nitriles often smell somewhat metallic. Phenylacetates usually exhibit aspects of honey, etc. 

The samples are grouped so that those with the most similar odour character are closest together on the map (e.g. Lilial and Bourgeonal ), and those that are most different are furthest apart (e.g, cyclamen aldehyde and Lyral ). The arrows indicate the direction of increasing perception of the odour characteristics shown. Only the odour characteristics that significantly correlate with the distribution of the samples across the map are shown these are the characteristics that are responsible for the systematic differences between the samples. 

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