Bothriocephalus

Luo, H.Y., Nie, P., Zhang, Y.A., Wang, C.T. and Yao, W.J. (2002) Molecular variation of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 (Cestoda Pseudophyllidea) in different fish host species based on ITS rDNA sequences. Systematic Parasitology 52, 1 59-1 66. 

Recent studies by transmission (TEM) and/or scanning (SEM) electron microscopy on the adults of species (other than Hymenolepis) are those on Multiceps endothoracicus (342, 343), Proteocephalus ambloplitis (139, 369), Bothriocephalus acheilognathi (267), Taenia crassiceps (601, 410), T. taeniaeformis (519), Anomotaenia constricta (244), Paricterotaeniaporosa (244), Proteocephalus tidswelli... 

Eubothrium rugosum E. salvelini E. crassum E. acipenserinum Bothriocephalus gowkongensisP B. scorpii B. claviceps... 

Type 3 fermentation, characterised by a series of reactions between mitochondrial end-products that yield branched-chain fatty acids (e.g. 2-methylvalerate, 2-methylbutyrate), occurs in Ascaris, a number of other intestinal nematodes and in some trematodes (490). However, cestodes, with the exception of Bothriocephalus scorpii, which excretes methyl-butyrate (107), have not been shown to produce branched-chain fatty acids as end-products of respiratory metabolism. Some or all of the enzymes of the TCA cycle may be present in cestodes in addition to the type 1 and type 2 fermentation pathways. The extent to which the cycle may contribute to carbohydrate metabolism in cestodes is considered below. 

The amino acids occurring in a number of other adult and larval cestodes have been documented and recent data are available for Parionella spp., Skrjabinia spp., Raillietina spp. (77, 346), Bothriocephalus scorpii and Nybelinia spp. (977) Taenia hydatigena (636) Diphyllobothrium spp. (236,271,275) Amoebotaenia cuneata (78) Ligula intestinalis (164) E. granulosus (29) Gangesia spp. (587) Lytocestus indicus, Introvertus raipurensis and Lucknowia indica (598). Some earlier data have been provided by Smyth (796) and von Brand (911). 

Fig. 7.12. Percentage of motile coracidia of the pseudophyllidean Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, from the freshwater grass carp, following incubation of the eggs at different temperatures. (Modified from Granath Esch, 1983.)...

Fig. 8.1. Scanning electron micrograph of a coracidium of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi 5 h after hatching. The coracidium has swollen as a result of water absorption and the cilia are coiled and non-functional. The surface is covered by numerous protruberances of unknown function. Scale bar = 4.9 (iin. (After Pool, 1984.)...

Fig. 8.2. Bothriocephalus acheilognathi survival of coracidia at 18°C. (After Pool, 1985.)...

Dupont, F. Gabrion, C. (1987). The concept of specificity in the procercoid-copepod system Bothriocephalus claviceps (Cestoda) a parasite of the eel Anguilla anguilla). Parasitological Research, 73 151-8. 

Granath, W. O. Esch, G. W. (1983). Temperature and other factors that regulate the composition and infrapopulation densities of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi (Cestoda) in Gambusia affinis (Pisces). Journal of Parasitology, 69 111 6—24. 

Jarroll, E. L. Jr (1980). Population dynamics of Bothriocephalus rarus (Cestoda) in Notophthalmus viridescens. American Midland Naturalist, 103 360-6. 

Jones, A. (1975). The morphology of Bothriocephalus scorpii (Muller) (Pseudophyllidea, Bothriocephalidae) from littoral fishes in Britain. Journal of Helminthology, 49 251-61. 

Mackinnon, A. D. Featherston, D. W. (1982). Location and means of attachment of Bothriocephalus scorpii (Muller) (Cestoda Pseudophyllidea) in red cod, Pseudophycis bacchus (Forster in Bloch Schneider), from New Zealand waters. Australian Journal of Marine Freshwater Research, 33 595-8. 

Nakajima, K. Egusa, S. (1976a). [Bothriocephalus opsariichthydis Yamaguti (Cestoda Pseudophyllidea) found in the gut of cultured carp, Cyprinus carpio (Linne). IV. Observations on the egg and... 

Pool, D. W. (1984). A scanning electron microscope study of the life cycle of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934. Journal of Fish Biology, 25 361—4. 

An experimental study of the biology of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 (Cestoda Pseudophyllidea). Ph.D. thesis, University of Liverpool. 

Renaud, F., Gabrion, C. Pasteur, N. (1983). Le complexe Bothriocephalus scorpii (Mueller, 1776) differentiation par electrophorese enzymatique des especes parasites du Turbot (Psetta maxima) et de la barbue (Scophthalmus rhombus). Comptes Rendus des Seances de I Academie des Sciences, Ser. Ill, 296 127-9. 

Geographical divergence in Bothriocephalus (Cestoda) of fishes demonstrated by enzyme electrophoresis. International Journal for Parasitology, 16 553-8. 

Renaud, F., Gabrion, C. Romestand, B. (1984). Le complexe Bothriocephalus scropii (Mueller, 1776). Differentiation des especes... 

Swiderski, Z. Mokhtar-Maamouri, F. (1974a). Vitellogenesis in Bothriocephalus clavibothrium Ariola, 1899 (Cestoda Pseudo-phyllidea). Zeitschrift fiir Parasitenkunde, 43 135-49. 

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