Boraginaceae

Shikonin [517-89-5] (Cl 75535) occurs as an acetyl derivative in the Japanese shikone, Uthospermum eTythrorhi n another member of the Boraginaceae family. It is the (R)-optical isomer of alkannin (66). Tissue cultures of E. eythrorhi n are used in Japan to manufacture shikonin mainly for cosmetic use (67). Both alkannin and shikonin are mordant dyes producing violet to gray colors on fabrics. In Japan, shikonin was used to dye fabrics a color known as Tokyo Violet. Shikalkin [54952-43-1] the racemate (11), has been synthesized (68). [Pg.398]

Amongst products isolated from Heliotropium spathulatum (Boraginaceae) were 9 mg of a new alkaloid which gave a positive Ehrlich reaction with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde The molecular formula determined by mass spectrometry is CisH2sNOs. What is the structure of the alkaloid given the set of NMR results 54 Reference is useful in providing the solution to this problem. Conditions CDCI3, 9 mg per 0.3 ml, 25 °C, 400 MHz ( //), 100 MHz ( C). (a) HH COSY plot ... [Pg.171]

Alkarma orientalis (L.) Boiss. var. orientalis (L.) Boiss. Boraginaceae -59... [Pg.78]

Lizards Butterflies, months, beetles Senecionine and lycopsamine type PAs, sequestered from Asteraceae and Boraginaceae Various authors... [Pg.266]

The Borage plant (syn. Forget-me-not) family (Boraginaceae Lindl.) contains L-ornithine (Figure 11 and 15) derived alkaloids, such as indicine-N-oxide in the heliotrope (Heliotropium indicum) and southern hound s tongue Cynoglosum creticum) species (Table 8). Farsam et al. reported on new alkaloids from... [Pg.28]

Boraginaceae Heliotropium indicum Cynoglossum spp. Symphytum officinale Indicine-A-oxide Indicine-A-oxide Acetyl-intermedine Acetyl-lycopsamine... [Pg.34]

Glucosyl(l —> 2)glucuronide Cordia macleodii leaves and flowers Boraginaceae 317... [Pg.767]

DiOH-7,4, 5 -triOMe CisHigOy 346 Onosma hispida Boraginaceae 38... [Pg.922]

Adult Lepidoptera feeding at withered Heliotropium plants (Boraginaceae) in East Africa. Ecological Entomology 6 449 152. [Pg.275]

Pyrrolizidine (1) and its derivatives have attracted the attention of chemists during the last two or three decades because this bicyclic system occurs in a number of alkaloids from various families of Compositae, Boraginaceae, Leguminosae, etc. Structural analysis of these substances, study of their reactions, and attempted syntheses have afforded considerable information concerning the chemistry of this class of compounds. Although the field has been covered by a... [Pg.315]

Alkannin. shikonin. and shikalkin are grouped together because the first two are enantiomers and the last one is their racemate. Alkannin (Cl Natural Red 20 Cl 75530) [Anchu.sa tinctoria or ttlkanua tinctoria) is a member uf the Boraginaceae family. It is found in the roots of alkanet, a perennial shrub native to Southern Eurupe. [Pg.530]

Borage Borago officinalis (Boraginaceae) seed 28-35 linoleic (38), y-linolenic (23-26), oleic (16), palmitic (11) dietary supplement for y-linolenic acid content (see page 46)... [Pg.41]

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids have a wide distribution, but are characteristic of certain genera of the Boraginaceae (e.g. Heliotropium, Cynoglossum, and Symphytum), the Compositae/Asteraceae (e.g. Senecio) and the Leguminosae/Fabaceae (e.g. Crotalaria). The pyrrolizidine bases rarely occur in the free form, but are generally found as esters with rare mono- or di-basic acids, the necic acids. Thus, senecionine (Figure 6.18) from Senecio species is a diester of retronecine with senecic acid. Inspection of the ten-carbon skeleton... [Pg.305]

PAs are found widely in the families Asteraceae, Boraginaceae, Fabaceae, and Apocynaceae. About 360 diverse structures have been characterized,23 and these widespread alkaloids are produced by at least 3% of all flowering plants. It is remarkable that one group of animals-the insects-have broken through the formidable alkaloidal defenses represented by the highly toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids. This evolutionary adaptation has provided a large resource for these insects that is not available to PA-intolerant species, which constitute most of the herbivores. [Pg.187]

Anchusa Pepsin inhibitor (63 kDa macromolecule) Anchusa strigosa (Boraginaceae) [root] Pepsin [20 nM] [37]... [Pg.571]

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