Bone marrow progenitor cell content

Dietary copper deficiency increases the acute inflammatory response in rats and other small laboratory animals. The release of inflammatory mediators, such as histamine and serotonin, from mast cells increases the vascular permeability of postcapillary venules and results in edema. In copper-deficient rats, release of histamine from mast cells positively correlates with frequency of the acute inflammatory response. Copper-deficient rats (0.6 mg Cu/kg DW ration for 4 weeks) have more mast cells in muscle than copper-adequate controls given diets containing 6.3 mg Cu/kg DW ration however, histamine content of mast cells is not affected. An early clinical sign of copper deficiency is a reduction in the number of circulating neutrophils the mechanism for copper-deficient neutropenia (leukopenia in which the decrease in white blood cells is chiefly neutrophils) is unknown. Proposed mechanisms to account for neutropenia from copper deficiency include (1) early desttuction of bone marrow progenitor cells (2) impaired synthesis of neutrophils from progenitor cells ... 

Assessment of the progenitor cell content in bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) harvests... 

Although we do not fully understand the pathomechanisms behind this relationship, several possibilities have been proposed, such as the nasal-bronchial reflex, aspiration of nasal contents, the effect of mouth breathing and the release of mediators due to allergen exposure in the nose. Of these, the hypothesis of a signal released at the side of exposure to the bone marrow with consecutive mobilization of inflammatory progenitor cells is currently favored (fig. 2). Several studies have contributed to this hypothesis, which is primarily based on observations in dogs, but recently has also got more and more support in humans [8], Chakir et al. [9], for example, showed that the number of T cells... 

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