Bone damage

Another important group of agents is characterized as disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). They decrease inflammation, usually improve symptoms, and slow the bone damage associated with rheumatoid arthritis. They are thought to affect more basic inflammatory mechanisms than do glucocorticoids or the NSAIDs. They may also be more toxic than those alternative medications. 

Excessive amounts of fluoride in the soil can cause tooth and bone damage in livestock. Paris of Arkansas. California. South Carolina, and Texas have soils abnormally high in fluorine content. In serious situations, diarrhea and emaciation will he exhibited by the livestock. The effects depend upon the fluorine source and species of livestock. Exceptionally high fluoride levels can he encountered near smelters where pollution safeguards have not been installed or are ineffectively maintained. As cninpared with other livestock, pigs can tolerate much more fluorine (up lo nearly 300 ppm of fluorine derived front rock phosphates). 

Out of these results, one may deduce that itai-itai disease only represents the tip of the iceberg. Indeed, in the earlier stage of chronic Cd exposure, the presence of Cd-induced bone effects such as osteopenia may be reflected by both microdensitometry and biochemical indices of bone turn-over. The degree of bone damage closely parallels the degree of renal damage. 

Conaghan PG, O Connor P, McGonagle D, Astin P, Wakeeield RJ, Gibbon WW, Quinn M, Karim Z, Green MJ, Proudman S, Isaacs J and Emery P (2003) Elucidation of the relationship between synovitis and bone damage a randomized magnetic resonance imaging study of individual joints in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 48 64- 71. 

HEALTH SYMPTOMS Inhalation (dizziness, lack of coordination, narcosis, respiratory arrest) skin (prickling, redness, blisters, allergic dermatitis) eyes (redness, itching, pain) ingestion (nausea, vomiting, edema, bloody sputum, pulmonary irritation, shallow respiration, unconsciousness, convulsions, bronchial pneumonia, fever, coughing, ventricular fibrillation, kidney, liver and bone damage). 

About 40 years ago it was already established that long-term inhalation of cadmium oxide dust could cause a syndrome characterized by damage of the pulmonary and renal systems [66]. And it is a well known fact, that during the last decades in Japan a large population suffered from a chronic cadmium poisoning with severe bone damage ("Itai-Itai desease"), caused by the intake of highly cadmium contaminated rice. Waste disposal, especially by incineration, as well as phosphate fertilizers and acid rain are pronounced risks for cadmium exposure. 

Bone marrow depression due to damage to the growing stem cells causes reduction in the blood white cell, platelet, and red cell counts. These, in turn, could cause susceptibility to infections, excessive bleeding, and anemia. In addition, certain drugs cause unique and serious bone damage, such as the osteonecrosis of the jaw associated with bisphosphonates [88]. 

Cucmbitacin R reduces the inflammation and bone damage associated with adjuvant arthritis in Lewis rats by suppression of tumor necrosis factor-a in T lymphocytes and macrophages. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 320 581-590... 

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