Bond interatomic distances

The discussion of interatomic distances in salts of oxygen acids of the second-row elements is presented in Table IV. In the first row of this table, below the names of the salts, there are given values of the electronegativity difference xa — xb, in the second row the sum of the single-bond radii, in the third row the Schomaker-Stevenson correction, and in the fourth row the single-bond interatomic distance. The next row contains the fractional amount of ionic character of the a bond, as given by the electronegativity difference with use of Table... 

The second term in (xxiv) is used to ensure the stereochemical acceptability of the model and includes all non-bonded interatomic distances, d., less than some specified minimum... 

From the force constant dependence upon interatomic distance for the linearly distorted FXeF species illustrated in Figure 7, it is seen that the force constant rises sharply as the short bond interatomic distance approaches a limiting value. The sum of the force constants decreases as the distortion increases (see Table V). If this trend continues, as seems likely, to the ionization limit, the force constant for the fully ionized (Xe-F) species must be... 

Atomic radius (A) Bond interatomic distance (A) Bond strength (kcal/mol)... 

Shrinkage effect is a direct consequence of the molecular vibrations and it shows that the bonded and non-bonded interatomic distances measured by GED are not self-consistent, i.e., they do not correspond to a set of distances calculated from a rigid geometrical model. This phenomenon is illustrated on a simplified diagram below for a linear triatomic molecule AB2 (simplification in this case means that for this type of vibration while two B atoms move up, atom A moves down which is ignored in this diagram). 

EEES Electron Energy Eoss Spectroscopy Very thin samples (<200 nm) Electrons (100-400 keV) (Retarded) electrons minus 1-1000 eV <200 nm 1-100nm Local elemental concentration electronic structure, chem. bonding interatomic distances 31... 

Atomic radius Bond" Interatomic distance Bond strength a 0.71 0.23 6.03 0.41 -0.15... 

A dosdy rdated argument, dealing with the small area available for the side chains of a cydol fabric, has been advanced by Neurath and Bull. The area provided per side chain by the cydol fabric, about 10 sq. A., is far smaller than that required and, as Neurath and Bull point out, the suggestion that some of the side chains pass through the lacunae of the fabric to the other side cannot be accepted, because this would require non-bonded interatomic distances much less than the minimum values found in crystals. 

Interatomic distances between a given pair of elements can vary substantially, from covalent bond lengths and dative (or donor-acceptor) bond lengths to secondary bond interatomic distances. Bond lengths vary to some extent with the coordination number of the central atom, and there is no clear-cut distinction between these three types of bond. Thus, for tin-oxygen bonds, there is a broad range of observed interatomic distances. Covalent Sn-0 bonds are shortest in four-... 

Historically, bonding interatomic distances in crystals were first discussed in terms of atomic or ionic radii however the concept of bond valence and its correlation with bond length has now come to the fore, largely because of the work of W. H. Zachariasen and of I. D. Brown. A brief summary of the reasons for preferring the latter approach is given first. In fact a case will be made for abandoning the concept of ionic (or atomic) radii as currently applied in that area of crystal chemistry (oxides and similar materials) that is the main concern here. 

Bond Interatomic distance Bond Interatomic distance... 

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