Blood factors affecting

Catalyst circulation is like blood circulation to the human body. Without proper catalyst circulation, the unit is dead. Troubleshooting circulation problems requires a good understanding of the pressure balance around the reactor-regenerator circuit and the factors affecting catalyst fluidization. The fundamentals of fluidization and catalyst circulation are discussed in Chapter 5. 

Laverman P, Carstens MG, Boerman OC, et al. Factors affecting the accelerated blood clearance of polyethylene glycol-liposomes upon repeated injection. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2001 298 607. 

He Y, Miao M, Herrinton LJ, Wu C, Yuan W, Zhou Z, Li DK (2009) Bisphenol A levels in blood and urine in a Chinese population and the personal factores affecting the levels. Environ Res 109 629-633... 

Olson L, Nordberg A, von Holst H, et al Nerve growth factor affects 11-C-nicotine binding, blood flow, EEG, and verbal episodic memory in Alzheimer patient (case report). J Neural Transm 4 79-95, 1992... 

Another important factor affecting diffusion rate is the solubihty of the gas in blood. When the solnbihty of the gas in blood is large, the diffusion rate is fast and the gas is removed qnickly from the alveoli. In this case, the limiting factor in dehvery of gas to the blood is the rate of supply of gas to the alveoli. When this solnbihty is small, the diffnsion rate is slow thus blood flow (i.e., cardiac output) rather than minnte volume becomes the rate-limiting factor in toxicity. 

Dash, P.R., Read, M.L., Barrett, L.B., Wolfert, M.A., Seymour, L.W. (1999). Factors affecting blood clearance and in vivo distribution of polyelectrolyte complexes for gene delivery. Gene Then, 6, 643-650. 

This section will review how physiological factors at the site of injection impact the design of dosage forms and affect choice of excipients. First, pharmacokinetic factors affecting rates of delivery of drug to the blood will be considered. Then, biocompatibility or safety issues will be addressed. This analysis focuses on the intravascular (IV), IM, and SC routes of administration. 

A second important factor affecting the kidneys sensitivity to chemicals is its ability to concentrate the tubular fluid and, as a consequence, as water and salts are removed, to concentrate any chemicals it contains. Thus a nontoxic concentration in the plasma may be converted to one that is toxic in the tubular fluid. The transport characteristics of the renal tubules also contribute to the delivery of potentially toxic concentrations of chemicals to the cells. If a chemical is actively secreted from the blood into the tubular fluid, it will accumulate initially within the cells of the proximal tubule or, if it is reabsorbed from the tubular fluid, it will pass into the cells in relatively high concentration. 

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