Blood, color

Uda, H. 1919. On the relations between blood color and cocoon color in silkworms, with special reference to Mendel s law of heredity. Genetics, 4(5) 395-416. 

A). Cyanide ions (CN ) enter the organism in the form of hydrocyanic acid (HCN) the latter can be inhaled, released from cyanide salts in the acidic stomach juice, or enzymatically liberated from bitter almonds in the gastrointestinal tract The lethal dose of HCN can be as low as 50 mg. CN binds with high affinity to trivalent iron and thereby arrests utilization of oxygen via mitochondrial cytochrome oxidases of the respiratory chain An internal asphyxiation (histotoxic hypoxia) ensues while erythrocytes remain charged with O2 (venous blood colored bright red). 

Y dlnwjsh.. Blood-color.. Isabella-yellow. Brown. 

Careful patient history and clinical signs and symptoms are of paramount importance. As stated previously, history of trauma with a painless priapism favors HFP. Cavernous blood coloration and gas measurement are very useful and easily available to distinguish between HFP and venous priapism. A bright red appearance of the cavernous blood is more in favor of HFP, which in turn is associated with a high po2 and low pco2. General diagnostic... 

Bile and blood color are due to melanin formed in the body. The two main bile pigments are bilirubin (red) and biliverdin (green). The red blood pigment is hemoglobin, from which the pigments hemosiderin, methemoglobin, bilirubin, and biliverdin are derived. 

Mayer was trained as a medical doctor and was a ship-surgeon on a vessel trading to the East Indies. His first ideas about the conversion of work to heat came from his observation of the difference in venous blood color between the tropics and higher latitudes. He concluded that in the warm... 

Reddish-brown coloration (no precipitate) Blood red coloration... 

This test is extremely sensitive and usually sufficient ferric ions are present in an ironlll) salt to give some coloration. The blood red colour appears to be due to a complex... 

Aminothiazole present in urine or blood plasma forms a colored Schiff base when 5-nitrofurfural is added the colorimetric analysis of the Schiff base allows the quantitative determination of this thiazole (1571). The Schiff base may also be dosed by polarographic of spectro-photometric methods (1572). 

Detecting the presence of small, even invisible, amounts of blood is routine. Physical characteristics of dried stains give minimal information, however, as dried blood can take on many hues. Many of the chemical tests for the presence of blood rely on the catalytic peroxidase activity of heme (56,57). Minute quantities of blood catalyze oxidation reactions between colorless materials, eg, phenolphthalein, luco malachite green, luminol, etc, to colored or luminescent ones. The oxidant is typically hydrogen peroxide or sodium perborate (see Automated instrumentation,hematology). 

Plasma processing technologies ate used for surface treatments and coatings for plastics, elastomers, glasses, metals, ceramics, etc. Such treatments provide better wear characteristics, thermal stability, color, controlled electrical properties, lubricity, abrasion resistance, barrier properties, adhesion promotion, wettability, blood compatibility, and controlled light transmissivity. 

Fig. 25. An example of Doppler color flow mapping, a real-time ultrasound technique that displays the dynamics of blood flow in color along with static tissue information in black and white. The image shows the record of a leaky mitral valve during systole.

The most conspicuous use of iron in biological systems is in our blood, where the erythrocytes are filled with the oxygen-binding protein hemoglobin. The red color of blood is due to the iron atom bound to the heme group in hemoglobin. Similar heme-bound iron atoms are present in a number of proteins involved in electron-transfer reactions, notably cytochromes. A chemically more sophisticated use of iron is found in an enzyme, ribo nucleotide reductase, that catalyzes the conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides, an important step in the synthesis of the building blocks of DNA. 

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