Biphenyls and related compounds

Table V. Resonance energies of biphenyl and related compounds.

Seeger M, B Camara, B Hofer (2001) Dehalogenation, denitration, dehydroxylation, and angular attack on substituted biphenyls and related compounds by biphenyl dioxygenase. J Bacteriol 183 3548-3555. 

Kamrin MA, Fischer LJ. 1991. Workshop on human health impacts of halogenated biphenyls and related compounds. Environ Health Perspect 91 157-164. 

Specific considerations of metabolism and accumulation are not necessary in the application of a TTC provided that the substances are not likely to show very large species differences in accumulations such as, e.g., polyhalogenated-dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls and related compounds, as well as nonessential heavy metals in elemental, ionic or organic forms. Such substances are known to accumulate in the body, and the traditionally employed safety factors (Section 5.2.1) may not be high enough to account for species differences in rates of elimination of such chemicals. Therefore, the TTC approach should not be used for such substances. 

Mulligan KJ, Caruso JA. 1980. Determination of polybrominated biphenyl and related compounds by gas - liquid chromatography with a plasma emission detector. Analyst 105 1060-1067. 

The torsional motion about the central C—C bond of biphenyl and related compounds has been extensively studied by gas electron diffraction and by several other experimental and theoretical methods. The fact that biphenyl itself undergoes conformational changes by phase transition 69a 208, indicates that the barrier to... 

The torsional motion of biphenyl and related compounds is a typical large amplitude motion. The accumulated knowledge from a series of molecules in this group has led to a fairly good qualitative description of the motion. Unfortunately the quantitative description leaves much to be desired. Taking advantage of the improvements in the electron-diffraction method and applying suitable combinations with other methods, there are reasons to believe that this deficiency should be remedied. 

Guo YL, Lin CJ, Yao WJ, et al. 1994. Musculoskeletal changes in children prenatally exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls and related compounds (Yu-Cheng children). J Toxicol Environ Health 41 83-93. 

Hatton RE. 1979. Chlorinated biphenyls and related compounds. In Grayson M, Eckroth D, eds. Kirk-Othmer encyclopedia of chemical technology, Vol. 5. New York, NY John Wiley and Sons, 844-848. 

Stross JK, Smokier IA, Isbister J, et al The human health effects of exposure to poly-brominated biphenyls. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 58 145-150, 1981 Tilson HA, Harry GJ Developmental neurotoxicology of polychlorinated biphenyls and related compounds, in The Vulnerable Brain and Environmental Risks, Vol 3 Toxins in Air and Water. Edited by Isaacson RL, Jensen KF. New York, Plenum, 1994, pp 267-279... 

A more promising test of the validity of steric secondary isotope effects is to set up an experiment in which such effects should have a maximum chance to manifest themselves. Racemizations of optically active biphenyls and related compounds might be expected to provide excellent tests, for the activation energies of these reactions are determined mainly by the extent of steric crowding in the transition states. 

High-Temperature Destruction of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Related Compounds," United States Environmental Protection Agency, Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH, (December 1977), EPA-600/2-77-228. 

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