Bioterrorism effects

Bioterrorism effects can occur not only from a planned malicious activity, but at times, they are the unwanted and unanticipated result of accidental situations, for which, the ethical implications are clearly extremely different. An accidental explosion (Chernobyl) contaminated inland waters, caused short term bums and wounds, and permanent diseases such as leukemia in a planned war situation (Hiroshima) the effects were very similar. It is therefore very difficult to decide if infections coming from infected water results from occasional contamination by a person contaminating them with biological material, or from a planned terrorist action, aimed at harming the population drinking the water. 

Starodub NF (2009) Biosensors in a system of instrumental tools to prevent effects of bioterrorism and automotive control of water process purification. In Jones JAA et al (eds)... 

In today s mass society, mass-mediated emergency response must be an integral part of effective disaster management—especially in the face of bioterrorism, emerging infectious diseases, or other public health crises. Although each emergency situation has its own unique features and requires different approaches for dealing with public information and media relations, this chapter... 

There has also been speculation that there is a potential black market use of DU as a weapon for bioterrorism, or as part of a dirty bomb. However, a thorough evaluation of the toxicology of uranium indicates that DU is relatively inert, compared to other potential materials and organisms that could be used to make an effective bioterrorism weapon or dirty bomb. Indeed, the reason why DU may still be considered to be an excellent bioterrorism agent is the public perception that DU is a harmful chemical, even though the toxicology of the chemical and radiological effects are relatively mild. 

Events leading to an effect, which we now define as bioterrorism result from a wide variety of situations some of these are devoid of any foul doing by the individual, and completely involuntary. 

Note Some examples of their effects will be indicated under the agents involved The CDC has defined and categorized bioterrorism agents according to priority as follows ... 

The regulatory focus on training under established regulations is far from the only reason to implement effective training programs. Regulations are not static. New laws are enacted, some to address new needs, such as the bioterrorism threats recognized by the... 

FDA has responded to the threat of terrorism with a unique approach towards the development of biopharmaceuticais intended to counter the adverse effects of chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear substances [83]. In many instances, efficacy trials in humans cannot be ethically performed (e.g., anti-bioterrorism agents). In these instances, animal data can be used in place of human data to model the in-vivo pharmacodynamics. In particular, studies in animals can provide substantial evidence of the effectiveness of biopharma-ceutical products intended for possible use to reduce or prevent the toxicities of these agents under defined circumstances. Such studies should be conducted under GLP (21 CFR 58) and are appHcable when ... 

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