Biosensor applications, biocompatibility membranes

Recent applications of nonconducting polymers, such as PPD and overoxidized poly(pyrrole), as permselective and biocompatible membranes hold great promise for the future of biosensors used for in vivo monitoring. Also the suitability of polymeric films (e.g., Eastman AQ 55) for organic-phase biosensors has led to a new opportunity for amperometric detection of analytes in real nonaqueous matrices. Since enzymes are stable in nonaqueous media, many analytes can be detected amperometrically with organic-phase biosensors. 

LB (and LS) films have, in principle, great potentialities in various applications, such as in optical switches, biosensors, highly selective membranes, and biocompatible materials, among others. However, for the time being, lack of long-term stability often has frnstrated the practical usefulness of these novel applications. 

Biocompatibility of Perfluorosulfonic Acid Polymer Membranes for Biosensor Applications... 

BLM systems have been accepted as models of natural biomembranes for applications in medicine, industry, and clinical laboratories. BLMs have therefore been studied extensively in combination with various proteins, and are an excellent choice for the basis for development of electrochemical biosensors. The principles behind the development of BLM-based biosensors are quite simple. The sensing element should be biocompatible and should have a structure similar to a biomembrane. Chemically selective proteins may then be embedded into the membranes with substantial retention of binding activity. The simplest way to test transducer function is by using ligand-receptor binding interactions... 

Surface engineering aims for a defined physical, chemical, or biomolecular modification of material surfaces in order to create biofunctional surfaces that ensure biocompatibility (noninteractive materials) and in many cases additionally bioactivity of the material (interactive biomaterials) for a certain application. The design of appropriate biofunctional surfaces is important for the proper function of biosensors, membranes or implants, for the use as... 

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