Biomatter

Development of artificial light sources, and especially the introduction of lasers, brought about an enormous increase in research on light-biomatter interactions. Thus the application of inorganic photochemistry and photophysics generates challenging new areas in bioscience and biotechnology. 

The biosphere experiences a constant influx of radioactive isotopes, 3H and 14C, which is generated by nuclear processes in the atmosphere that are driven by cosmic radiation and washed down by atmospheric processes and incorporated into biomatter via 14C02 and 3H20. Like the stable isotopes described above, these are distributed almost at random in biomass of recent origin measuring the 14C content of a biomasses of ancient origin provides an important method of age determination that is not discussed in this chapter. 

Unlike metabolism in a reducing world, oxidizing metabolism must build biomatter from substrates of lower free energy anabolism and catabolism are opposed. Thus, only in the presence of a non-equilibrium photon spectrum is oxidizing metabolism a relaxation process. 

Biogenic VOCs also originate due to stresses on plants such as fiooding, and due to the action of bacteria and fungi in dead biomatter and in soil. Analysis of these processes represents future additional applications of... 

Forster Y, Rentsch C, Schneiders W, et al. Surface modification of implants in long bone. Biomatter 2012 2(3) 149-57. 

Zhan, J., Singh, A., Zhang, Z, Huang, L., and Elisseeff, J.H. (2012) Multifunctional aliphatic polyester nanofibers for tissue engineering. Biomatter, 2 (4), 202-212. 

Schiller, J. and Huster, D. 2012. New methods to study the composition and structure of the extracellular matrix in natural and bioengineered tissues. Biomatter, 2 115-131. 

Shahbazi MA, Herranz B, Santos HA (2012) Nanostructured porous Si-based nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery. Biomatter 2(4) 296-312... 

LRET because they are in close proximity (Fig. 14a). The enzyme cleaves the substrate. LRET is interrupted as a result and leads to the recovery of the fluorescence of the donor fluorophore. The background luminescence from biomatter is one major drawback of this method and reduces sensitivity. 

Bierbaum, S., Hintze, V., Schamweber, D., 2012. Functionalization of biomaterial surfaces using artificial extracellular matrices. Biomatter 2 (3), 132—141. 

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