Biological machinery

The powerful biological machinery of energy conversion proceeds via redox reactions in aqueous media that involve electron and proton transfer between molecular entities. - Nature devised concerted sequences of these processes that generate electrochemical potential gradients across cell membranes and thereby enable the storage and the release of electrical energy. 

With similar arithmetic, one can find that each IK temperature change alters AKeq by about 3%. The change of binding selectivity is profound and quite T-sensitive, suggesting why careful temperature control is essential to properly functioning biological machinery. 

Extremely sophisticated biological machinery based on specific non-covalent molecular recognition is involved in biological processes such as DNA replication, the transcription of the genetic code and in RNA mediated protein synthesis at the ribosome. This biochemical molecular machinery has recognisable mechanical features. 

The susceptibility of the biological machinery to enantioselective interactions, however, is not limited to chiral compounds of endogenous origin. Frequently, biological systems exert substantial levels of stereoselectivity for exogenous chiral molecules, for example, odorants [1], pheromones [2], agrochemicals [3, 4], environmental pollutants [5-7] and, most importantly, drug compounds [8-11]. 

Microorganisms enter the exponential phase having utihzed the acceleration phase to make the adjustments in their biological machinery and metabolic pathways that are necessary for them to multiply rapidly in the growth medium. The number of cells present in the reactor increases at a rate that is first-order in the number of cells present ... 

Bacterial expression hosts do not inherently possess the biological machinery necessary to modify proteins after translation. However, alternative methods of modifying and... 

We now continue further consideration of the biological machinery for production of protein. Because more than 50 photons are required to produce one glucose molecule, and one glucose molecule results in 36 ATPs, and 1,618 ATP equivalents (44.9 glucose molecules) are required to produce the 100 residue protein, some 2,250 photons would be required to... 

The synergy between these two systems would mimic the cooperative mechanisms operating in biological machineries (apoenzyme and cofactors). The role of the host hydrogel, besides that of supporting the molecular receptor, is to extract the... 

Life has learned to catch the electron in the excited state, uncouple it from its partner and let it drop back to the ground state through its biological machinery utilizing its excess energy for life processes . 

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