Biocompatible product

A biocompatible product may be plasticized by lipids. Lipids were found to be compatible with over 20 different polymeric materials. Vegetable oils were found to be suitable as plasticizers. ... 

From the current point of view, cellulose is the most common organic polymer, representing about 1.5 x tons of the total annual biomass production, and is considered an almost inexhaustible source of raw material for the increasing demand for environmentally friendly and biocompatible products (Kaplan 1998). 

From recent studies, cellulose is found to be the most common organic polymer and considered as almost infinite source of raw material to fidfiU the increasing demand for eco-friendly and biocompatible products. It represents about 1A billion tons of the total annual biomass production (Klemm et al. 2005). As fignoceUulosic fibo" becomes vital, many possible plants were tested. Natural fiber not only can be harvested from cotton, wool, and other ancient source, but it covers different varieties and different sources aU over the world. Available natural fiber that has been conducted in previous... 

The primary use of cellulose film has been for wrapping purposes. The past years have witnessed a renewed interest in cellulose research and application sparked mostly by technological interests in renewable raw materials and more environmentally-friendly and sustainable recourses. It has been estimated that the yearly biomass production of cellulose is 1.5 tons, making it an inexhaustible source of raw material for environmentally-friendly and biocompatible products [3]. Cellulose derivatives are used for coatings, laminates, optical films, pharmaceuticals, food, and textiles. Numerous new applications of cellulose take advantage of its biocompatibility and chirality for the immobilization of proteins and antibodies and for the separation of enantiometric molecules, as well as the formation of cellulose composite with synthetic polymers and biopolymers. This chapter basically discussed on the medical applications of cellulose. 

Thus, the lignocellulosic materials are renewable and can be used to regenerate into sustainable products [5,8]. Among cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, cellulose (Fig. 19.1) is the most abundant renewable resource on earth and may become a valuable chemical resource in the future [7]. Therefore, this sustainable material found in plants has numerous functional possibilities and can be expected to be developed into a broad range of applications, especially with the demand for environmentally friendly and biocompatible products. 

The presence of polymer, solvent, and ionic components in conducting polymers reminds one of the composition of the materials chosen by nature to produce muscles, neurons, and skin in living creatures. We will describe here some devices ready for commercial applications, such as artificial muscles, smart windows, or smart membranes other industrial products such as polymeric batteries or smart mirrors and processes and devices under development, such as biocompatible nervous system interfaces, smart membranes, and electron-ion transducers, all of them based on the electrochemical behavior of electrodes that are three dimensional at the molecular level. During the discussion we will emphasize the analogies between these electrochemical systems and analogous biological systems. Our aim is to introduce an electrochemistry for conducting polymers, and by extension, for any electrodic process where the structure of the electrode is taken into account. 

Nowadays, a strategic area of research is the development of polymers based on carbohydrates due to the worldwide focus on sustainable materials. Since the necessary multi-step synthesis of carbohydrate-based polymers is not economical for the production of commodity plastics, functionalization of synthetic polymers by carbohydrates has become a current subject of research. This aims to prepare new bioactive and biocompatible polymers capable of exerting a temporary therapeutic function. The large variety of methods of anchoring carbohydrates onto polymers as well as the current and potential applications of the functionalized polymers has been discussed recently in a critical review [171]. Of importance is that such modification renders not only functionality but also biodegradability to the synthetic polymers. 

Large amounts of agricultural waste products, such as corn cobs, are continuously provided in several developing countries. Xylan is considered to be a green polymer that may play an essential role in the renewability of waste products due to its biodegradable and biocompatible nature. Furthermore, as shown in this chapter, xylan presents particular properties that allow a wide range of applications. 

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