Bioactive marine natural product

After a bioactive marine natural product lead structure has been identihed,... 

Berry JP, Reece KS, Rein KS, Baden DG, Haas LW, Ribeiro WL, Shields JD, Snyder RV, Vogelbein WK, Gawley RE (2002) Are Pfiesteria species toxicogenic Evidence against production of ich-thyotoxins by Pfiesteria shumwayae. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99 10970-10975 Bhakuni DS, Rawat DS (2005) Bioactive marine natural products. Springer, New York Blunt JW, Copp BR, Munro MHG, Northcote PT, Prinsep MR (2006) Marine natural products. Nat Prod Rep 23 26-78... 

Bhakuni DS, Rawat DS (2005) Bioactive Marine Natural Products. Springer, New York... 

In spite of the difficulties reported, model primary culture systems have been established for shallow-water sponges that produce bioactive secondary metabolites. It has been demonstrated that cultured cells can be stimulated to divide by mitogens and retain the ability to synthesize bioactive compounds.115116 These successes suggest that, with a greater understanding of requirements for growth and compound production, invertebrate cell culture may become a viable source for bioactive marine natural products. 

The examples cited above illustrate that there are currently several alternatives to bulk harvest for the supply of bioactive marine natural products and several more in development. However, as the ability to access organisms in more extreme environments improves, conditions required for growth of these extremophiles will be more complex and difficult to reproduce. 

Costantino V, Fattorusso E, Menna M, Taglialatela-Scafati O. Chemical diversity of bioactive marine natural products an illustrative case study. Curr. Med. Chem. 2004 11 1671-1692. 

The pyrroloquinoline alkaloid family of bioactive marine natural products has been assembled by exploiting a biomimetic strategy. In the case of the iV-benzyl derivative of discorhabdin C (281a), for example, the cation 282 that is formed upon electrooxidation of dibromophenol 279 was intercepted intramolecularly to afford 281a in modest 19% yield [70]. Unfortunately, all attempts to remove the benzyl group failed. Consequently, the approach to the natural product was modified to affect debenzylation earlier in the scheme. Electrochemical oxidation of the free amine 280 did lead to discorhabdin C (281b), albeit in a low yield (24%). 

Shimizu, Y. Bioactive marine natural products with emphasis on handling of water-soluble compounds. J. Nat. Prod. 1985, 48, 223-235. 

Palinurin. Hamann and co-workers reported the results of an interesting biocatalytic transformation of the furan ring to the corresponding amide in the bioactive marine natural product palinurin (46, X=0). The authors utilized long-range data to... 

R. G. Kerr, Biosynthesis ot Bioactive Marine Natural Products. In Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, A.-U. Rahman, Ed. Bioactive Natural Products (Part B) Elsevier Science Publishers Amsterdam, 2000 Vol. 21 pp 293-328. 

ABSTRACT The coastline of southern Africa is divided into three bio-geographical zones, with each zone sustaining a unique diversity of marine fauna and flora. Associated with this marine biodiversity are relatively high levels of species endemism, often a useful pre-requisite for the discovery of novel, bioactive marine natural products. This review is the first comprehensive presentation of the structures of 143 marine natural products isolated over the last two decades from 30 species representing five phyla of southern African inter-tidal and sub-tidal marine invertebrates. 

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