Bicyclic monoterpenoids camphor

Cyclopentane bicyclic monoterpenoids that occur in the plant kingdom belong to three major skeletal types camphane, iso-camphane, and fenchane (Fig. 7). Camphane-type terpenoid alcohols, (+)-bomeol (Gl) and (—)-isobomeol (G2), have been isolated from Cinnamomum camphora (Lauraceae) and Achillea filipendulina (Asteraceae). A ketone derived from these, (-h)-camphor (G3), is found in the camphor tree Cinnamomum camphora) and in the leaves of rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis) and sage Salvia officinalis, Labiatae). Camphene (G4) and its enantiomer with the isocamphane carbon skeleton are known to occur in the oils of citronella and turpentine. Fenchane-type bicyclic cyclopentane monoterpenoids are commonly found in plants as their ketone derivatives. (—)-Fenchone (G5) occurs in the tree of life Thuja occidentalis, Cupres-saceae). Its enantiomer, (+)-fenchone (G6), has been isolated from the oil of fennel Foeniculum vulgare, Umbelliferae). 

Camphor and borneol are widespread bicyclic monoterpenoids in plants. 

Mass spectral papers include another compilation of monoterpenoid alcohol spectra, a comparison of fragmentation patterns for camphor and menthone with their oxime, semicarbazone, and nitrophenylhydrazone derivatives, and a comparison of collisional activation mass spectra of ten related acyclic, monocyclic, and bicyclic monoterpenoid hydrocarbons together with derived 7119 ions. ... 

Some important bicyclic monoterpenoids are shown in Figure 5.2. Camphor occurs very widely in nature. The richest source is the oil distilled from the wood of the camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphor a). This wood has a long history of use for furniture in China. Linen stored in camphorwood chests is free from attack by insects such as moths owing to the insect repellent properties of camphor. It is also found in a wide range of flowers, such as lavender, and herbs, such as sage and rosemary. Isobornyl acetate occurs in herbs such as sage,... 

Monoterpenoid ketones are cyclic compounds in which a carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms. They are produced by oxidation of alcohols and are relatively stable molecules. Monocyclic ketones such as pulegone contain a single carbon ring while bicyclic ketones like camphor contain two fused rings. Most ketones have the suffix one . 

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ , , ]

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