Benzoic p-

Fife and Xin (35) found that, under PTC conditions, the reaction between benzoyl chloride and a mixture of 1.0 equivalent of sodium p-toluate and 1.0 equivalent of sodium isobutyrate in the presence of 0,1 equivalent of pyridine 1-oxide gave an anhydride product mixture that contained approximately twice as much benzoic p-toluic anhydride as benzoic isobutyric anhydride on a molar basis (equation 7). Therefore, the process must include an important component that selects for the more lipophilic p-toluate ion. The differential partitioning of the competing carboxylate ions at the di-chloromethane-water interface is a reasonable explanation for this observed selectivity, because product composition correlates with the Hansch (39) hydrophobicity parameters for competing carboxylate ions (40). 

The effect of the degree d xrlarization of the ester linkages in low-motecular-weight esters on their reactivity has been examined by studying the reaction of alcoholysis, with ceUulose, of methyl esters of benzoic, p-chloro-, p-hydroxy, p-hydroxy-, p- and o-nitrobenzoic acids, and those of phenyl-, phenoxy-, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy- and monodiloro-acetic adds. The trans-esterification reaction was carried out in non-aqueous dinrethylformamide in the presence of catalysts (sodium methylate, cadmium acetate, p-toluenesulphonic add) at 110-140° C. 

A typical separation is shown in Figure 6.2 [10]. Acaroid resin is a component of a pyrotechnic composition, and was suspected to be the cause of a processing defect. Two grades of resin were compared by a number of analytical techniques. The resin is a natural product described as a resinotannic ester of cinnamic and p-coumaric acids . It is a polymeric material containing phenolic and aromatic residues. It is also said to contain up to 10% of benzoic, p-coumaric, and cinnamic acids. It was suggested that batch-to-batch variations might account for the differences in performance. 

The refractometer trace showed a broad peak plus two partially resolved sharp peaks with an overall equivalent carbon number (ECN) range of C13-C96 with a maximum at C43. The equivalent carbon number is that of the n-alkane which elutes at the sample elution volume. In this case, the calibration was extended by the use of low-molecular-mass polystyrenes. The ECN gives a rough measure of molecular size. The two sharp peaks at ECN Cl5 and C19 are seen on the lower molecular mass side of the envelope. No peaks were visible, however, at high elution volumes corresponding to free benzoic, p-coumaric or cinnamic acids. 

Tryptophan, phenylalanine, tyrosine Aniline, chloroanlines, methylanilines, chloromethylanilines Nitrophenols, chlorinated phenols, phenolic acids (benzoic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic, salicylic, phenazine-1-carboxylic), aromatic anionic surfactants (alkylbenzenesulfonates)... 

The rates of Tl(lll)-oxidation of benzoic, p-chlorobenzoic acid, and p-methoxy benzoic acid hydrazides in acidic medium increased with [H+] and decreased with [Cl ]. The participation of a Tl(lll)-substrate complex had been proposed. ... 

Both triterpenoid genins and glycosides are found as esters of acetic, tiglic, 2-methylbutanoic, crotoiic, malonic, palmitic, benzoic, p-hydroxycinnamic ( - and Z-isomers), ferulic, and isofemlic acids. 

Activation of 0-glycosyl trichloroacetimidates as glycosyl donors typically requires moderately strong acids, such that a simple A/,A/ -diarylthiourea, ArNHC(=S)NHAr [e.g., Ar = 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl), = 8-5], would not be expected to catalyse the process. However, it can act as a co-catalyst with simple Brpnsted acids such as benzoic (p. = 4). The system gives significant rate and yield enhancements, and good selectivity for the / -anomer. A multiply hydrogen-bonded complex of reactants and catalysts is proposed. 

Kairer and Schmid have examined the water-soluble constituents in poppy straw after extraction of the alkaloids, and have recorded the presence of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, vanillin, p-hydroxystyrene, meconin and the following acids fumaric, dZ-lactic, benzoic, p-hydroxycinnamic, p-hydroxybenzoic, 2-hydroxycinchoninic, vanillic, phthalic, hemipinic and m-hemipinic, with a more highly unsaturated, carboxylic acid J, b.p. 170-6°/0-02 mm., and three unidentified substances Fx, m.p. 271-2 Wx, m.p. 810° (dee.) and Q, m.p. 260° the two latter are free from nitrogen and contmn no methoxyl. 

Poly(4-hydroxy benzoic p-Acetoxybenzoic acid-6-acetoxy- 70679-92-4 2-Naphthalenecarboxylic add. R (C ijH 10O4... 

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