Benzene Ziegler-Natta polymerization

S. Ikeda and his coworkers studied a mechanism of acetylene polymerization in connection with olefin polymerization by various Ziegler-Natta catalysts. They found that polymerization yields not only highly polymerized polyacetylene but also benzene, which is a cyclic trimer of acetylene, and that the ratio of these two products depends... 

Coordinated anionic polymerizations of methyl methacrylate with diethyliron-bipyridyl complex in nonpolar solvents like benzene or toluene yield stereoblock polymers. In polar solvents, however, like dimethylformamide or acetonitrile, the products are rich in isotactic placement. There are many reports in the literature on polymerizations of acrylic and methacrylic esters with Ziegler-Natta catalysts. " The molecular weights of the products, the microstructures, and the rates of the polymerizations depend upon the metal alkyl and the transition metal salt used. The ratios of the catalyst components to each other are also important. ... 

Styrene is obtained almost exclusively by dehydrogenation of ethyl benzene, and in small quantities by the dehydration of a-methyl benzyl alcohol, the by-product of the propylene oxide synthesis from propylene and a-methyl benzyl hydroperoxide. Styrene can be polymerized free radically, cationically, anionically, and with Ziegler-Natta catalysts. Only the free radical polymerizations have commercial significance. 

Polymerization of five monomers, l-[p-(trans-4 -alkyIcyclohexyl) phenoxy]-alkyne, was carried out by using Ziegler-Natta and metathesis catalysts [76]. All the polymers were soluble in organic solvents such as benzene, chloroform, and THE... 

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