Denmark benchmarking

When allocating free allocations to individual new installations, Denmark uses benchmarking allocation in all cases. The benchmarks are based on the capacity of the new installation, i.e. MW installed for combustion installations and tonnes per hour of production capacity for (most) non-combustion installations. 

ETS Directive26. These differentiate between thirty different heavy processes27. Thus, new entrants in Denmark will not receive exactly the number of allowances they need, but usually less than that. How much less depends on how they perform compared to the benchmark. 

Budtz-Jorgensen, E., N. Keiding, and P. Grandjean. 1999. Benchmark Modeling of the Faroese Methylmercury Data. Research Report 99/5. Prepared at the University of Copenhagen, Denmark for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 

Activation was reintroduced by the report of the Hartz Commission who made references to good practices at the national levels, e g. models of effective cooperation between BA and municipalities in selected Mozart projects, as well as international best practices and benchmarking of labour market performance and pohcies. Hence, the Hartz reforms focus was inspired by activating policies for the unemployed in other European countries that were perceived to be more success-fill in lowering unemployment such as the United Kingdom, the Netherlands or Denmark (Bruttel and Kemmerling 2006 Eichhorst et al. 2001 Fleckenstein 2004). 

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