Batteries, depolarization

Use Bleaching agent (fats, oils, fabrics, soap), battery depolarizers, emulsion polymerization. 

Disodium peroxodisulphate EINECS 231-892-1 Peroxy-disulfuric acid, disodium sail Persulfate de sodium Sodium peroxydisulfate Sodium persulfate UN1505. Bleaching agent (fats, oils, fabrics, soaps), battery depolarizers, emulsion polymerization. Soluble In H2O (549 g/l MLD (rbt iv) = 178 mg/kg. Degussa AG FMC Corp. ... 

Red mercuric oxide, identical chemically to the yellow form, is somewhat less reactive and more expensive to produce. An important use is ia the Ruben-MaHory dry cell, where it is mixed with graphite to act as a depolarizer (see Batteries). The overall cell reaction is as follows ... 

Since World War 11, the U.S. space program and the military have used small amounts of insoluble chromates, largely barium and calcium chromates, as activators and depolarizers in fused-salt batteries (214,244). The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has also used chromium (111) chloride as an electrolyte for redox energy storage cells (245). 

Marincic, N. Lithium Batteries with Liquid Depolarizers 15... 

Mercury(II) oxide is found natively in the mineral montroydite. The oxide is used primarily to prepare other mercury salts. The red form of the oxide is used as a depolarizer in a certain type of dry batteries. Other applications are paints and pigments as a reagent in several wet analyses and to catalyze in organic reactions. The oxide also is used in ointments as a topical antiseptic. 

Because of its significance to fuel cell technology and air-depolarized batteries, the cathodic reduction of oxygen dissolved in aqueous electrolytes has been the subject of numerous mechanistic studies. They had been reviewed repeatedly (103-111), and today the mechanistic details are well... 

A number of cells have been developed which make use of the oxygen of the air as the cathodic reagant. These so-called air-depolarized cells are examples of hybrid cells, which are discussed more fully in Chapter 9. Many recent advances in metal-air batteries can be attributed to the research carried out in the 1960s on high current density air electrodes for ambient hydrogen/oxygen fuel cells using aqueous electrolytes. 

In previous sections of this chapter, magnesium anodes have been considered as replacements for zinc in Leclanche and air-depolarized cells. In sea water-activated reserve batteries, magnesium anodes are coupled with either silver chloride, lead chloride, manganese dioxide or, occasionally,... 

Meta l-a i r battery — Electro chemical energy conversion systems employing a metal anode and an air-fed oxygenconsuming gas diffusion electrode. They may be considered as a special type of - fuel cell operating with a special fuel or as a -> primary battery operating with oxygen as - depolarizer or positive mass. 

N. Marincic, Lithium batteries with liquid depolarizers, in Modem Aspects of Electrochemistry. Vol. 15, J. O M. Bockris, and B. E. Conway, editors. Plenum Press, New York, 1983, pp. 167-234. 

Manganese(IV) oxide is utilized as a depolarizer in dry batteries, in the manufacture of ferrites, as an oxidizing agent in organic synthesis, as a crosslinking agent for polysulfide rubbers and as a component of oxidation catalysts. 

Calomel is used as a laboratory reagent, as a fungicide, and as a depolarizer in dry batteries. 

Use Pigment, corrosion inhibitor, oxidizing agent, depolarizer for batteries, coating for light metal alloys. 

Use Oxidizing agent, depolarizer in dry cell batteries (African and synthetic types only), pyrotechnics, matches, etc., catalyst, laboratory reagent, scavenger and decolorizer, textile dyeing, source of metallic manganese (as pyrolusite). 

---