Bath nickel/iron

Fig. 8-35. Boric acid determination in a nickel/iron plating bath. — Separator column IonPac ICE-AS1 eluent 0.001 mol/L octane-sulfonic acid flow rate 1 mL/min detection suppressed conductivity injection 50 pL sample (1 1000 diluted).

Ion chromatography provides an alternative to atom spectroscopic methods for the determination of heavy and transition metals. Its main advantage is the simultaneousness of the procedure and the possibility to distinguish between different oxidation states. For example, the determination of iron(III), copper, and zinc in a chromic acid bath (Fig, 8-41) may be performed free of interferences despite the high chro-mium(VI) load. Fig. 8-42 illustrates the determination of heavy and transition metals in a nickel/iron plating bath. Both oxidation states of iron can be clearly distinguished via ion chromatography. 

Figure 10.172 Ion-pair chromatographic determination of saccharin in a nickel/iron bath. Separator column lonPac NS1, 10 pm eluent 2 mmol/L TMAOH (pH 12 with NaOH)/ MeCN (95 5 v/v) flow rate 1 mL/min ...

Figure 10.173 Determination of saccharin in a nickel/iron bath by ion-exclusion chromatography. Separator column Metrosep Organic Acids eluent 0.5 mmol/L H2S04/acetone (85 15 v/v) flow rate 0.5 mL/min detection ...

Fig. 9-109. Determination of sodium lau lsulfate in a nickel/iron plating bath. - Separator column lonPac NSl (lO-pm) eluant ...

Lower grades, such as sulfate pine oil are used for the flotation of metallic sulfide ores, including copper, zinc, nickel, iron, and lead. In textiles, the most important property of pine oil is its ability to reduce surface tension and interfacial tension between fiber and solution. Pine oil allows ingredients in wet-processing baths to get into fibers and to work immediately. Also, because of its bacteriocidal activity, it is used in almost all wet processing of cotton, silk, rayon, and woollen goods. Pine oil production has declined as a result of the decrease in the amount of pine oil used in cleaner and disinfectant products. The pine oil content of those products has dropped from 70-90% to 10-30% (182). 

The method u i g no ath at 2200 C is based on the M0-M0C2 eutectic, which is liquid at this temperature. Its use for the determination of oxygen in molybdenum was first discussed by Friedrich and Lassner (153)(172) and Friedrich et al. (172). Lassner and Schedle (174) find that it is suitable and yields results agreeing with those given by the procedure employing nickel-iron baths, both for powders and for compact samples. 

Nickel-iron (80 20) baths are preferred by Lassner (167), using temperatures of 1600 to 1700°C. Their suitability is confirmed by Friedrich and Lassner (153)(172) and also by Lassner and Schedle (174). On the other hand, Burzev et al. (180) rates them as better than iron baths, but not nearly as good as platinum baths. Compared with the latter, their yield is stated to be only 60 %. 

An iron saucepan with a layer of sand at the bottom is quite satisfactory the distilling flask is immersed in the bath to within 2 cm. of the side arm, and two asbestos boards, cut to fit the neck of the flask, rest on top of the bath (as in Fig. II, 5, 3).. Somewhat better rosiilts are obtained if the bath is filled with nickel shot. 

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