Basalt glass-ceramics

Blume and Drummond III (2000) investigated synthetic basaltic glass-ceramics under high and low fugacity. Feldspar, spinel, and metasilicate phases represented the equilibrium main crystal phases under high oxygen fugacity, but feldspar was kinetically inhibited. 

Blume R.D. and Drummond III C.H., "Crystallization in Synthetic Basaltic Glass-Ceramics," Glastech. Ber. Glass Sci. TechnoL, 73 [Cl] 43-50 (2000). 

Glass-ceramics based on natural or synthetic basalts, various zeolites, and apatite/britholite were also developed (Saidl Ralkova 1966 Hayward 1988 Wronkiewicz et al. 1996 Sinkler... 

Byers, C. D., Ewing, R. C. Jercinovic, M. J. 1987a. Experimental alteration of basalt glass applied to the alteration of nuclear waste glass. Advances in Ceramics, 20, 733 -744. 

V. V. Gurev, E. I. Neproshin, G. E. Mostovoi (2001) The effect of basalt fiber production technology on mechanical properties of fiber. Glass Ceram. 58,62. 

Tolstova, O. V., Lashtchenova, T. N. Stefanovsky, S. V. 2002. Glassy materials from basalt for intermediate-level wastes immobilization. Glass and Ceramic, 6, 28-31 (in Russian). 

Anhydrous phosgene in the liquid state is compatible with a variety of common metals, including aluminum (of 99.5 percent purity), copper, pure iron or cast iron, steel (including cast steel and chrome-nickel steels), lead (up to 250°F or 12 PC), nickel, and silver it is also compatible with platinum and platinum alloys in instruments. Nonmetallic materials with which liquid anhydrous phosgene is also compatible include acid resistant linings (ceramic plates and carbon blocks), enamel on cast iron or glass-lined steel, Pyrex or Kimax, porcelain, quartzware, granite or basalt natural stone, stoneware, and Teflon. 

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