BADGE bisphenol A diglycidyl ether

One of the main issues with concentration data is how the non-detectable (ND) values are treated. In many instances the substance(s) of interest is non-detectable in either food simulants or real foodstuffs. In a UK FSA survey (2000) for BADGE (bisphenol A diglycidyl ether) in caimed foodstuffs, in more than 95% (105 of III targeted samples tested) of the foodstuffs tested the levels were non-detectable. Using targeted foodstuffs in any surveillance will always skew any results to a higher level, in that only foodstuffs considered most likely to contain the substance will typically be analysed. 

A further 20 monomer test methods were developed in the EU funded BCR Project. The number of monomer test methods published in the report was 35. This was reduced to 20 for the new work items by removing a method for BADGE (bisphenol A diglycidyl ether). This was covered separately by Task/Working Group 8. The number was also reduced by consolidating similar methods. The substances covered by the 20 methods are given below. 

PVCC Chlorinated PVC, cfr. CPVC BADGE Bisphenol-A diglycidyl ether... 

Hammarling, L., Gustavsson, H., Svensson, K. and Oskarsson, A. (2000). Migration of bisphenol-A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and its reaction products in canned foods. Food Addit. Contam., 17, 11, 937 3. 

Hydroxylic species (R OH) are present in oligomers of bisphenol-A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) resins as part of the structure, and may also be present as impurities. 

Figure 10-5 Molecular structures of BADGE and hydrolysis/ethanolysis products (1) Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE)-, (2) Bisphenol A (2,3-dihydroxypropyl ether) diglycidyl ether (diol-epoxide) (3) Bisphenol A di-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl ether) (diol-diot) (4) Bisphenol A (3-ethoxy-2-hydroxypropyl ether) diglycidyl ether (ether-epoxide)-, (5) Bisphenol A (3-ethoxy-2-hydroxypropyl ether) (2,3-dihydroxypropyl ether) (ether-diol).

Paseiro Losada P, Simal Lozano J, Paz Abuin S, Lopez Mahia P and Simal Gandara J, 1993, Kinetics of the hydrolysis of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) in water-based food simulants. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 345,527-532. 

Roubtsova S, Hollander J and Franz R, 1997, A rapid and convenient method for the quantitative determination of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) in foodstuffs. Deutsche Lebensm.-Rdsch. 93 (9), 273-276. 

Summerfield W, Goodson A and Cooper I, 1998, Survey of Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) in canned foods. Food Additiv. Contam. 15 (7), 818-830. 

Sharman. M., Honeybone, C.A., Jickells, S.M., and Castle, L., 1995, Detection of residues of the epoxy adhesive component bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) in microwave susceptors and its migration into food.. Food Add. Contam. 12,6,779-787. 

Apart from pure bisphenol A, two of its derivatives, bisphenol-A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and bisphenol-F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE), are very important for industry. Figure 7.2 shows the structural formulae of these two compounds. 

OLDRING P.K.T., CASTLE L., HART A., HOLMES M.J., (2006), Migrants from food cans revisited - application of a stochastic model for a more realistic assessment of exposnre to bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), Journal of Packaging Technology and Science, 19(2), pp 121-137. Published Online 27 Jan 2006. 

The presence of accelerators, either magnesium perchloroate or N,N-dimethylbenzylamine (DMBA) [29], on the curing of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether with butane-1,4-diol (BADGE-BD) were studied by CP/MAS (Fig. 15.2.31). Magnesium perchlorate was shown to induce the consumption of all the diol whereas the DMBA showed only approximately 50% consumption... 

Cross-linking of another expanding monomer, 1,5,7,11-tetraoxaspiro [5.5] undecane (TOSU), with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and with bifunctional oxetane (BOXT) was investigated by Holder [124] and Endo [125], respectively (Chart 11.14). The resulted networks are nonshrinking cross-linked materials. 

In the MALDI mass spectrum of PTMEG we see clusters of ions separated by 358 D, the expected repeat mass corresponding to a bisphenol-A diglycidyl ether (BADGE)... 

One of the methods for the synthesis of high molecular weight polyhydroxy ethers based on Bisphenol A is the base catalyzed polyaddition of the diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol A (BADGE) with Bisphenol A (BPA) in the melt or in solution (Scheme 1). 

Phenyl glycidyl ether, (PGE), ex BDH GP grade. 4,4 -Diisocyanatodiphenylene methane (MDI) ex BDH GP grade. Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (BADGE) ... 

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