Bacteria microbial

Similar to the microbial biofilm preparations described above, free-floating, viable microbial mats are also successful in removal of metals from solution (Bender Phillips, 1994 Vatcharapi jarn, Graves Bender, 1994). Consisting primarily of algae, cyanobacteria and bacteria, microbial mats perform a number of activities which promote metal complexation and subsequent removal. The mat contains oxidizing and reducing zones that aid in the immobilization and precipitation of... 

Ellis, B. D., P. Butterfield, W. L. Jones, G. A. McFeters, and A. K. Camper. 2000. Effects of carbon source, carbon concentration, and chlorination on growth related parameters of heterotrophic biofilm bacteria. Microbial Ecology 38 330-347. 

Kirchman, D. L. 1994. The uptake of inorganic nutrients by heterotrophic bacteria. Microbial Ecolology 28 255-271. 

Smith, Z., McCaig, A., Stephen, J., Embley, T., and Prosser, J. I. (2001). Species diversity of uncultured and cultured populations of soil and marine ammonia oxidizing bacteria. Microbial Ecology 42, 228-237. 

Vankerckhoven, V.V., Van Autgaerden, T., Huys, G., Vancanneyt, M., Swings, J., and Goossens, H. 2004. Establishment of the PROSAFE collection of probiotic and human lactic acid bacteria. Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease 16 131-136. 

Microbial mats are communities in surface water ecosystems where bacteria and bacterial processes dominate. In microbial mats dissolved nutrients and metabolites are transformed by one-dimensional (vertical) molecular diffusion. The distinction between microbial mats and biofilms is not sharp. By definition (Fenchel et al, 1998), microbial mats are typically stratified vertically with respect to different functional types of bacteria. Microbial mats are thicker (often several millimeters) than biofilms. In microbial mats various types of filamentous prokaryotes are the most conspicuous part and they are responsible for the mechanical coherence of the mat. The mechanical stability of microbial mats is reinforced by the bacterial excretion of mucous polymers, producing a gelatinous matrix. 

Endophytic microorganisms are not the only neglected population for natural products investigations. Extreme environments have been all but overlooked in drug discovery ventures. Yet clearly these unique environments support unique microbial life. Our attempts to isolate microorganisms from different depths of Berkeley Pit Lake have yielded over sixty culturable, aerobic fungi and bacteria. Microbial secondary metabolites are particularly desirable for the following reasons ... 

The release of petroleum from collectors by the action of microorganisms — active cultures of bacteria increase the useful yield of petroleum deposits. After inoculating the deposit with the appropriate bacteria, microbial processes induce a decrease of the viscosity and density of petroleum. Due to the decomposition of heavy petroleum hydrocarbons, natural gas is released, thus increasing the pressure driving petroleum from porous spaces. Changes to phase boundaries in the system water - petroleum -collector also occur. 

Kim JL, Elfman L, Mi Y, Wieslander G, Smedje G, Norback D, 2007. Indoor molds, bacteria, microbial volatile organic compounds and plasticizers in schools-associations with asthma and respiratory symptoms in pupils. Indoor Air 17,153-63. 

Drews, G. (1985) Structure and functional organization of light-harvesting complexes and photochemical reaction centers in membranes of phototrophic bacteria. Microbial. Rev. 49,59-70. 

Ross R, Mayer R., and Benziman M. 1991. Cellulose biosynthesis and function in bacteria. Microbial Rev 55 35-58. 

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