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Bacteria, disease effect

Bromine is also used as a disinfectant for swimming pools and water used in industrial cooling towers. It kills disease-causing bacteria as effectively as chlorine, which was once the most popular disinfectant for these purposes. But it adds less odor to water than chlorine and is less likely to irritate a person s skin, eyes, and nose. Today, many individuals and companies have switched from chlorine to bromine for disinfecting the water in swimming pools and cooling towers. [Pg.78]

The long latent periods involved in development of cancers make correlation of chemical exposures and disease extremely difficult. This can be countered pardy with tests on naturally short-Hved animals. Tests on bacteria, eg, the Ames test, may permit rapid detection of cancer potential, although there is no direct relationship between the results of bacterial tests and the effects of the tested chemicals on humans (56). [Pg.96]

Antituberculin Agents. Rifampin [13292-46-17, a semisynthetic derivative of rifamycin SV, is a most valuable dmg for treatment of tuberculosis, an infection caused by mycobacteria, leprosy, and an expanding range of other infections (23). Cycloserine [64-41-7] has been used to a limited extent for treatment of tuberculosis as a reserve dmg. Although cycloserine inhibits bacteria by interfering with their cell wall biosynthesis, it has toxic side effects in humans in the form of neurotoxicity. Capreomycin [11003-38-6] and to a much lesser extent viomycin [32988-50-4] both of which are peptides, have also been used for treatment of this disease. [Pg.476]

Turbidity n/a Tt3 Turbidity, a measure of water cloudiness, is used to indicate water quality and filtration effectiveness (e.g., whether disease-causing organisms are present). Higher turbidity is associated with higher levels of microorganisms such as viruses, parasites and some bacteria. These organisms can cause symptoms such as nausea, cramps, diarrhea, and associated headaches. Soil runoff... [Pg.15]

Toxoid vaccines. Toxoid vaccines are preparations derived fiom the toxins that are seereted by eertain species of bacteria, hi the manufacture of such vaccines, the toxin is separated fiem the bacteria and treated in a way that eliminates toxicity without eliminating immunogenicity. Formalin (ca. 38% of formaldehyde gas in water) is used for this purpose and consequently the treated toxins are often referred to as formol toxoids. Toxoid vaccines are veiy effective in the prevention of those diseases such as diphtheria and tetanus in which the harmful effects of the infecting bacteria are due to the deleterious action of bacterial toxins on physiology and biochemistry. [Pg.306]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.2 , Pg.62 ]




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