B-cut values

This dilution cut is shown schematically in Fig. 10.9(b). To mimic the conditions in the beam house a T-y b cut was conducted for the system H20/NaCl-triolein-Eusapon OD at yb = 0.375 and e = 0.10. The value of y, was derived from the fat content of the float after degreasing. The phase diagrams at constant (black symbols) and at constant y i,... 

Using the principles outlined in Problem 5.16, calculate (a) the minimum value of A needed to cause crack growth over a long period in a wide sheet containing a I mm edge cut (takeK = 1.12) and (b) the value of A at which a 10 mm central cut in a sheet of the same rubber causes catastrophic tearing. ... 

Here,/is initial water cut value before the polymer flood 2 is the proportion of the channel sand body kd is permeability ratio Vk is Dykstra-Parsons coefficient of permeability variation m is well pattern density and 0 is a factor affected by the polymer-injection formula (that is to say, how much the effectiveness is affected by factors such as concentration, viscosity, and polymer-bank size). R is the oil recovery before polymer flood N is the connectivity factor between injectors and producers S is the proportion of wells with separate layers and B is the proportion of the wells that adopted the measures of profile modification. 

For plastic-bonded materials, no clear-cut expression for the coercivity is known. It may be expected that it is rather similar, but with a smaller influence of B. For loosely packed powders, the B influence has become zero and should be multiphed by 0.48 to account for the isotropy (71). In all cases high coercivity is obtained by using small grains with limited plate-like shape, ie, the value of Nis not too high. 

Curve C of Fig. 6-15(a) corresponds to /a 0.1, and curve C of Fig. 6-15(b) to p = 10. It is observed that in the first case the curve O is almost a circle (as in a harmonic oscillator) while in the second case it has very special features. In fact from very high velocity (y — sc), the solution drops very rapidly to zero (at the point where it cuts the x-axis). At this point the relaxation interval begins, the representative point moving near the x-axis with a very small velocity after that its velocity increases rapidly to a considerable value, and soon. 

However, it will not always be possible to fix the cut line at the same value of 4) as the entry points, for the reason that the system does not enter the encirclement region at one unique value of ([). Up till now, we have assumed (see Section II.B) that the reaction is bimolecular, that it can only encircle the Cl when the nuclei are all close together, and that the reagents and products are... 

Figure 2-1. Representations of the electron density of the water molecule (a) relief map showing values of p(r) projected onto the plane, which contains the nuclei (large values near the oxygen atom are cut out) (b) three dimensional molecular shape represented by an envelope of constant electron density (0.001 a.u.). 

The residence time is related to the number of turns (AO that the fluid makes in the vortex, which can vary from 0.2 to 10, with an average value of 5. If the 50% cut diameter particle is assumed to enter at (D — b)/2, with a residence time of... 

This short-cut protocol does not allow fluorescence spectra to be expressed in radiometric units or as quantum yields. Thus, the spectra are only relative spectra, and are often normalized (scaled to a maximum value of 1). Alternatively, split the excitation beam to direct 15% to a quartz cuvet containing Rhodamine B in ethylene glycol. This emits red light in proportion to the intensity of the excitation so that fluorescence may be expressed ratiometrically (20,21). 

Wj(i) [S](n, d) is coded from black (min) to red (max) three cuts of the WT at constant scale a = a = 200 kbp, 70 kbp and 20 kbp are superimposed together with five maxima lines identified as pointing to upward jumps in the skew profile, (c) WT skeleton defined by the maxima lines in blue (respectively, red) when corresponding to positive (respectively, negative) values of the WT. At the scale a = 200 kbp, one thus identify 7 upward (blue dots) and 8 downward (red dots) jumps. The black dots in (b) correspond to the five WTMM of largest amplitude that have been identified as putative replication origins it is clear that the associated maxima hues point to the five major upward jumps in the skew profile in the limit a — 0+. 

Fig. 4. Nucleosome relaxation, and influence of histone N-terminal tails. Example of nucleosomes on 356 bp ALk= —2.9 topoisomer from the pBR DNA minicircle series [28]. (a) Mononucleosomes (Mo) were reconstituted with control (Control) or acetylated (Acetyl) histones, incubated at 37 °C in Tris buffer [T 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5), 0.1 mM EDTA, 50 mM KCl, 5 mM MgC, and 0.5 mM dithiothreitol] or phosphate buffer [P same as Tris buffer with 50 mM potassium phosphate (pH 7.5) instead of 50 mM Tris-HCl] in the absence (Topo I —) or presence (Topo I +) of topoisomerase I, and electrophoresed in a native polyacrylamide gel at room temperature. Note the splitting of nucleosome relaxation products in two bands. TE starting chromatin in TE buffer, (b) Gel slices (brackets) were cut out, and eluted DNAs were electrophoresed in a chloroquine-containing native polyacrylamide gel, together with control naked topoisomers (C1-C4). Lanes were numbered as in the (a) gel. Autoradiograms are shown, (c) Radioactivity profiles of lanes 2 and 5 in the (b) gel. Topoisomers are indicated by their ALk values. (Adapted from Fig. 2 in Ref. [28].)...

---