Axelrod

R. J. Axelrod and J. H. Phillips, Proceedings of Plastic Waste Management Workshops New Orleans, La., 1991. 

Udenfriend, C. T. Clark, J. Axelrod, and B. B, Brodie, Federation Proc. 

Adler and Axelrod,58 in their two-channel spectrograph, have taken the ultimate step in this direction by measuring the two intensities simultaneously. We may take for granted that the proper use of-an internal standard can eliminate the effect of different variations in equipment in different cases. It follows that care may be relaxed in connection with variations thus eliminated for example, approximate voltage regulation suffices for an x-ray source used to excite both analytical lines when these are measured simultaneously. 

Fig. 7-6. Enhancement of the intensity of germanium radiation relative to arsenic radiation by selenium. The ordinate in this figure is, for the upper curve, the normalized Ge-As intensity ratio and, for the lower curves, the normalized absolute intensity. The abscissa is the composition of the diluent added to the base material. The relation of analytical lines and absorption edges is shown in IV, Fig. 7-5. Open circles = GeKar/AsKa closed circles = Ge crosses = As. (Courtesy of Adler and Axelrod, Spectrochim. Acta, 7, 91.)...

Fig. 7-12. The curved-crystal spectrometer of Adler and Axelrod, showing a polished ore specimen in position. (1) Microscope stage (2) polished ore sample (3) crystal support block (4) Geiger counter and scatter slits. (Courtesy of Adler and Ayelrod and the U. S. Geological Survey.)...

Fig. 7-13. An example of a semiquantitati e application of the curved-crystal x-ray spectrometer used by Adler and Axelrod. By using chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) as a standard, the proper atomic ratios of copper to iron were obtained for bornite (Cu5FeS4) and cubanite (CuFe2S3). The Cu/Fe weight ratios in these minerals are 1.14 (chalcopyrite), 5.69 (bornite), and 0.57 (cubanite). (Courtesy of Adler and Axelrod, Norelco Reptr., 3, 65.)...

Because standard and unknown are compared continuously, the effect of many instrumental variables is eliminated. (See the work of Adler and Axelrod as described in Section 7.12.)... 

X-ray spectral analysis, schematic diagrams of instruments for, 124, 125 X-ray spectrograph, curved-crystal, of Adler and Axelrod, 206, 207 definition, 124, 125 desirable conditions for, 162 estimated losses in, 124, 126, 127 General Electric XRD-5 D/S, 249-252 Industrial X-ray Quantometer, of Applied Research Laboratories, 256, 257... 

Veeman MT, Axelrod ID, Moon RT (2003) A second canon functions and mechanisms of p-catenin-independent Wnt Signaling. Dev Cell 5 367-377... 

---