Avoiding problems during

The properties required by jet engines are linked to the combustion process particular to aviation engines. They must have an excellent cold behavior down to -50°C, a chemical composition which results in a low radiation flame that avoids carbon deposition on the walls, a low level of contaminants such as sediment, water and gums, in order to avoid problems during the airport storage and handling phase. 

Manufacture of crystalline lactose from permeate derived by ultrafiltration of lactic casein whey presents special problems because of the low pH, high lactate concentration, and high calcium and phosphate concentrations (Hobman 1984). Research at the New Zealand Dairy Research Institute has led to a pilot-scale process whereby calcium phosphate complexes are partially removed before evaporation by an alkali and heat treatment to precipitate them, followed by centrifugation to clarify the treated permeate. Removal of about 50% of the calcium is sufficient to avoid problems during evaporation. 

Sloley, A. W., Avoid Problems During Distillation Column Startups, Chem. Engr. Progress, 92... 

Molecular weight not too high—so as to avoid problems during separation of the non-reacted monomer during the final stages... 

To avoid problems with this pump during the proeess, be sure the pump eurve indicates NPSHr less than 8 ft at the duty point. 

One of the earliest steps in product design is to establish the configuration of the product that will form the basis on which a suitable material is selected to meet performance requirements. During this phase certain design features have to be kept in mind to avoid problems such as reduction of properties. Such features are called detractors or constraints. Most of them are responsible for the unwanted internal stresses that can reduce the available stress level for load bearing purposes. Other features may be classified as precautionary measures that may influence the favorable performance of a product if they are properly incorporated. 

The original procedure from which the Formalinethyl acetate centrifugal sedimentation technique was adapted was the Formalin-ether concentration method of Ritchie. Hie Formalin-ethyl acetate procedure avoids problems with the flammability and storage of ether. This procedure can be performed on specimens which have been fixed in Formalin for a time or on specimens with Formalin added during the processing. The procedure can also be performed on material fixed in MIF. 

Viscosity A 16 ml sample of the suspension removed after remixing was used for torque measurements using a Brookfield viscometer (Model LVTD) with a UL adapter. Initial torque readings were used for estimating viscosity in order to avoid problems arising from any settling of the kaolinite in the viscometer during the measurements. 

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