Automotive engine parts

Another major application is in automotive engine parts and fuel tanks. Nanocomposites are an emerging class of polymeric materials, making them suitable to replace metals in automotive and other applications because of excellent mechanical properties, enhanced modulus and dimensional stability, flame retardancy, improved scratch and mar resistance, superior thermal and processing properties, reduced warpage of components and enhanced impact resistance. Reduction in vehicle weight. 

Thin-film capacitors for computer chips Solid polymer electrolytes for batteries Automotive engine parts and fuel tanks Impellers and blades Oxygen and gas barriers Food packaging... 

P.K. Goenka, R.S. Paranjpe, Y.R. Jeng, "FLARE An Integrated Software Package for Friction and Lubrication Analysis of Automotive Engines - Part 1 Overview and Applications", SAE paper 920487,1992... 

The classification of motor oils has not been completed in the ISO standard because the technical differences between motors in different parts of the world, particularly Europe and the United States, make the implementation of a single system of classification and specifications very difficult. In practice, different systems coming from national or international organizations are used. The best known is the SAE viscosity classification from the Society of Automotive Engineers, developed in the United States. 

The automotive industry is the principal user of P/M forgings, primarily for transmission and differential components, but also for engine parts. Other markets are in power tools and farm machinery. Cost effectiveness is generally the reason for substituting P/M forgings for conventionally forged, cast, or machined parts. 

Sodium benzoate is also finding increasing appHcation as a corrosion inhibitor. It is incorporated into paper wrapping materials for the prevention of mst or corrosion in the production of such diverse items as razor blades, engine parts, bearings, etc. It is also used in the automotive industry as a corrosion inhibitor in engine cooling systems (at 1.5%), mainly in Europe and Japan. Unlike in its appHcation as a preservative where free benzoic acid is required to provide antimicrobial action, it appears to be the benzoate ion that provides the corrosion protection. 

The excellent properties of these fluoroelastomers come with a high price tag. Kalrez, for example, is extremely expensive ( 33—44/kg). These materials are used in automotive appHcations (seals, gaskets, fuel hose lines, engine parts, etc), where they can withstand under-hood temperatures. They are also used in equipment for oil and gas production and chemical processing. U.S. consumption in 1988 was 3100 t (76). 

S. Lundgren and E. Jobson, Deterioration of Three-Way Automotive Catalysts, Part II—Oyygen Storage Capacity at Exhaust Conditions, SAE 930944, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, Pa., 1993. 

Polyimide It is a high-cost heat and fire resistant plastic, capable of withstanding 500°F (260° C) for long periods and up to 900°F (482° C) for limited periods without oxidation. It is highly creep resistant with good low friction properties. It has a low coefficient of expansion and is difficult to process by conventional means. It is used for critical engineering parts in aerospace, automotive and electronics components subject to high heat, and in corrosive environments. 

Deareaser (for engine blocks automotive machine parts)... 

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