Autocatalyst growth

The survival and growth of the autocatalyst industry are linked to the existence and strengthening of exhaust emission legislation. The 1993 European Union emission limits for passenger cars have already been lowered finm 1996 and the process is underway to finalise the emission standards for the European Union for 2000 and 2005. Proposals for passenger cars emission standards and fuel composition, including sulphur levels, were issued by the European commission in late 1996 and published only in March 1997 (Tables 1 and 2). [2]... 

As shown in Fig. 1, palladium is mainly consumed as an autocatalyst now[l, 2]. Palladium is also an important nohle metal element widely applied in the development of electrocatalytic materials [46, 48, 72]. ft is widely used as a promoter for electroless deposition of metals on various substrates. Palladium is also known for its extraordinary ability to absorb a large amount of hydrogen. The growth of palladium thin layers on various substrates in UHV has been investigated in detail [3-8]. Electrodeposition of palladium is widely used, and a number of commercially available electroplating baths of palladium for different purposes have been developed [56-58, 61, 72]. However, the rapid increase in the... 

Fig. 9.7 Autocatalytic system. Autocatalyst A associates with components B and C through noncovalent interactions dashed lines) to create a new autocatalyst A through ligation (here used as a general term for bond formation). After product dissociation, the cycle continues. This theoretically leads to exponential growth of the system...

In spherical domains, the cubic rate law does not support the evolution of reaction-diffusion waves for small input. There is a critical initiation stimulus required, even in the case where the autocatalyst is stable [25]. Thus, the enhanced diffusive loss processes in 3-D are sufficient to compete successfully with the autocatalytic growth term (which depends on for C 1, o 1). 

The catalytic action of an en2 yme modifies the growth properties of an autocatalyst in the limit of high template concentrations exponential growth changes into linear growth. The competitive behaviour of different autocatalysts, however, was not affected by the enzyme, only the quantity which is selected for may be different under different conditions. 

---