Atomic emission spectrophotometry

Boron may be analyzed by various instrumental methods, such as atomic absorption (AA) and atomic emission spectrophotometry (ICP/AES). Individual isotopes at an exceedingly trace concentration in solution phase may be measured by ICP/MS. The later method should be preferred over the AA techniques. 

Cesium can be analyzed by various instrumental techniques including atomic absorption and atomic emission spectrophotometry and various x-ray methods. The most sensitive wavelength for AA measurement is 852.1 nm. It imparts a reddish violet color to flame. It is identified by specific line spectra having two bright lines in the blue region and several other lines in the red, yellow, and green. 

Elemental composition H 2.49%, Se 97.51%. The gas may be analyzed by GC using a TCD, FID or a flame photometric detector. The compound may be identified by GC/MS the molecular ions have masses 82 and 80. The compound may be absorbed in water and the solution analyzed for elemental selenium by flame or furnace atomic absorption—or by ICP atomic emission spectrophotometry. 

First the responses Rq are measured for the sample. Thereafter K is determined by fitting the changes in the concentrations of the analytes in the sample, brought about by the standard additions, to the changes in the responses. Once all elements in the calibration matrix, K, have been determined, the concentration vector of the analytes in the sample is calculated. The method has been successfully applied to absorption spectrophotometry , anodic stripping voltametry and ICP-atomic emission spectrophotometry Attractive features of the method are that automation is very easy and automatic drift compensation is possible . A drawback is that all interferents should be known and be corrected for. 

Aqueous and nonaqueous samples must be digested with an acid before their analysis by atomic absorption or atomic emission spectrophotometry. The metals and their salts present in the sample are converted into their nitrates due to the fact that the nitrates of all metals are soluble in water. Therefore, concentrated nitric acid by itself or in conjunction with hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, or hydrofluoric acid is used in sample digestion for the determination of total metals. Nitric acid alone is, however, adequate for digestion of most metals. Table 1.8.1 lists the combinations of acids that may be helpful in sample digestion. 

The following method employs atomic emission spectrophotometry (flame photometry), and is... 

The method of standard additions is widely used in atomic spectroscopy (e.g. determination of Ca2+ ions in serum by atomic emission spectrophotometry) and, since several aliquots of sample are analysed to produce the calibration graph, should increase the accuracy and precision of the assay... 

Problems with contamination and losses of volatile boron compounds during sample preparation have limited the reliable documentation of boron concentrations in human tissue and body fluids. A complex technique involving a porous graphite column—inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrophotometry (ICP-AES)— and an ICP time of flight mass spectrometer (TOF-MS) has been developed for investigations of boron neutron capture in cancer therapy. Adaptation of this method to nutritional studies of boron should be possible. 

The transport of Sr - ions across the membrane was also monitored by the addition of inactive strontium at a concentration of 5 mg/mL as a carrier in the feed compartment. Samples from the receiver compartment were drawn at regular intervals, and the Sr concentrations were determined using the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometry (ICP-AES) method. 

Trace metals identified by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrophotometry (ICP-AES)... 

Atomic Emission Spectrophotometry—Analysis by detection and quantification of the characteristic electromagnetic emissions from atoms in a sample. 

A term used to describe the estimation of certain metals by either atomic absorption spectrophotometry q. v.) or atomic emission spectrophotometry (q.v.). 

Gd concentration was measured using inductively coupled plasma atom emission spectrophotometry. Introduction of error due to blood contamination in tumor tissue was excluded by measuring the cyan-methemoglobin content of the tissue. 

---