Astarita

G. Astarita, Mass Transfer with Chemical Reaction, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1966. 

G. Astarita, D. W. Savage, and A. Bisie, Gas Treating with ChemicalSolventSs oSm. Wiley Sons, Inc., New York, 1983. 

G. Astarita, Mass Transfer With Chemical Reaction, Elsevier Publishing Co., Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 1967 C. Y. Wen and L. T. Pan, Models for... 

Generahzed prediction methods for fci and Hi do not apply when chemical reaction occurs in the liqmd phase, and therefore one must use ac tual operating data for the particular system in question. A discussion of the various factors to consider in designing gas absorbers and strippers when chemical reac tious are involved is presented by Astarita, Savage, and Bisio, Gas Treating with Chemical Solvents, Wuey (1983) and by Kohl and Ricseufeld, Gas Purification, 4th ed., Gulf (1985). 

For laminar non-Newtonian film flow, see Bird, Armstrong, and Hassager Dynamics of Polymciic Liquids, vol. 1 Fluid Mechanics, Wiley, New York, 1977, p. 215, 217), Astarita, Marrucci, and Palumbo (Jnd. Eng. Chem. Fundam., 3, 333-339 [1964]) and Cheng (Jnd. Eng. Chem. Fundam., 13,394—395 [1974]). 

A necessary prerequisite to understanding the subject of absorption with chemical reaction is the development of a thorough understanding of the principles involved in physical absorption, as discussed earlier in this section and in Section 5. There are a number of excellent references the subject, such as the book by Danckwerts Gas-Liquid Reactions, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1970) and Astarita et al. Gas Treating with Chemical Solvents, Wiley, New York, 1983). 

Astarita, E. (1989J Thermodynamics, Kluwer Academic/Plenum, The Hague. 

Astarita, G., Savage, D. W., and Bisio, A. (1983), Gas Treating with Chemical Solvents, Wiley, New York. 

The fundamentals of reactive mass exchange, design of individual units, chemical equilibrium and kinetics are covered in the literature (e.g., Fogler, 1992 Friedly, 1991 Ei-Halwagi, 1990 Kohl and Reisenfeld, 1985 Westerteip et ai, 1984 Astaritae/a/., 1983 Smith and Missen, 1982 Espenson, 1981 Levenspiel, 1972 El-Halwagi, 1971). This section presents the salient basics of these systems. 

It is now useful to recall the concepts of molarity and fractional saturation (Astarita etal., 1983). The molarity, mj, of areactive MSA is the total equivalent concentration of species that may react with component A. On the other hand, the fractional saturation, uj, is a variable that represents the degree of saturation of chemically combined A in the jth lean phase. Therefore, ujmj is the total concentration of chemically combined A in the yth MSA. Hence, the total concentration of A in MSA j can be expressed as... 

The absorption of H2S in this solution is accompanied by the following chemical reactions (Astarita and Gioia, 1964) ... 

Astarita, G., 1967. Mass Transfer With Chemical Reaction. Amsterdam Elsevier. 

Astarita G, Marrucci G (1974) Principles of non-Newtonian fluid mechanics. McCrow-Hill... 

Astarita and Apuzzo (A3,. A4) have recently reviewed the available theoretical knowledge of the motion of gas bubbles in Newtonian liquids and the... 

A3. Astarita, G., Symp. Mechanics Viscoelastic Fluids, 5Sth Ann. Meeting, A.I.Ch.E. Philadelphia, December 1965. 

Astarita. G. and Marrucci, G. Principles of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics (McGraw-Hill, New York. 1974). 

Astarita. G. J. Non-Newt. FluidMech. 4 (1979) 285. Scaleup problems arising with non-Newtonian fluids. 

Astarita, G. and Sandler, S.I. (Eds.), 1991, Proc. ACS Symposium on Kinetic and Themodynamic Lumping of Multicomponent Mixtures, Elsevier, Amsterdam. 

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