Association, ions polymers

The presence of ion association in polymer electrolytes was alluded to in Section 6.2.1. Here we will consider the nature of the clusters and the... 

A number of important issues involving the structure and dynamics of ionically conducting polymers have yet to receive thorough theoretical consideration. For example, in the case df multivalent cations, some systems exhibit cation transport whereas others do not, due to strong cation solvation. Therefore a term associated with ion-polymer dissociation must be important in systems which are on the borderline between these two extremes. This term is likely to be of the form ikHi, /2RT). 

Adsorption of polymer ions Changes association With polymer bridges By electrostatic or by [Pg.244]

The propagating anion and its counterion exist in relatively nonpolar solvents mainly in the form of associated ion pairs. Different kinds of ion pairs can be envisaged, depending on the extent of solvation of the ions. As a minimum, an equilibrium can be conceived between intimate (contact) ion pairs, solvent-separated ion pairs, and solvated unassociated ions. The nature of the reaction medium and counterion strongly influences the intimacy of ion association and the course of the polymerization. In some cases the niicrostructure of the polymer that is produced from a given monomer is also influenced by these variables. In hydrocarbon solvents, ion pairs are not solvated but they may exist as aggregates. Such inter-molecular association is not important in more polar media where the ion pairs can be solvated and perhaps even dissociated to some extent. 

Protonation of Polymer I. The sodium cation associated with Polymer I was replaced with the hydrogen ion by acidifying an aqueous solution of Polymer I with IN hydrochloric acid. The protonated polymer was insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents, especially chlorinated solvents. The bond strength of the protonated polymer was very poor (Figure 5). 

This enterprise is an advanced lithium polymer battery innovator and manufacturer. Divisions include clean transportation, consumer products and more. Electrovaya claims to have >150 global patents on its Lithium Ion SuperPolymer battery technology and associated system technologies. SuperPolymer is basically a novel nanostructured lithium-ion polymer technology platform. It enables more energy to be stored in a smaller space applications are smaller, lighter and more powerful. 

---