Asphalt bitumen

In the U.S. and elsewhere the term asphalt is commonly applied to the material known in Britain as bitumen or asphaltic bitumen. 

Bitumen Ionomers. Moisture-resistant asphalts (qv) have been prepared by reaction of metal oxides with acid-functionalized bitumens (75). Maleic anhydride or sulfur trioxide/trimethylamine complexes have been used successfully for introduction of acid groups into asphaltic bitumens. 

Canadian and European practice (2—4) and geologists and archaeologists in the United States use bitumen or asphaltic bitumen as a synonym for asphalt, and apply asphalt to the mixture of bitumen and inorganic matter that is used for paving purposes. On the other hand, pitches and tars are derived from the destmctive distillation of coal, cmde oils, and other organic materials. 

Asphalt (bitumen) also occurs in various oil sand (also called tar sand) deposits which occur widely scattered through the world (17) and the bitumen is available by means of various extraction technologies. A review of the properties and character of the bitumen (18) suggests that, when used as an asphaltic binder, the bitumen compares favorably with specification-grade petroleum asphalts and may have superior aging characteristics and produce more water-resistant paving mixtures than the typical petroleum asphalts. 

Chemical Designations - Synonyms Asphalt Cements Asphaltic Bitumen Bitumen Petroleum Asphalt Chemical Formula Not pertinent. 

Erdharz, n. asphalt, bitumen fossil resin. — gelbes —, amber,... 

Erd-ozyd, n. oxide of an earth metal, -pech, n, mineral pitch, asphalt, bitumen, erdpech-artig, a. asphaltic, -haltig, a. containing asphalt, asphaltic. 

Asphaltene precipitation, in many instances, carries from the well tubing to the flow lines, production separators, and other downstream equipment. It has also been reported (19) that asphaltic bitumen granules occured in the oil and gas separator with oil being produced from certain oil fields. 

One interesting question posed by previous researchers (14,19) is why there was asphaltic bitumen deposited at the bottom of the well considering that no phase change or any substantial temperature or pressure changes had taken place. The conclusion was that the question... 

Synonyms Asphaltic bitumen asphaltum petroleum asphalt bitumen... 

ASPHALT Asphaltic Bitumen, Petroleum Asphalt, Bitumen Combustible Liquid, III 0 1 0 ... 

Bitumen describes a black or dark brown masticlike material that is thermoplastic in nature and softens upon heating. The sources of bitumen are petroleum or coal deposits. The natural product is commonly called gilsonite or pitch, a mineral formed by an old weathered petroleum flow at the surface of the earth that has left behind the larger molecules from the petroleum. A principal source in the past has been Lake Trinidad, a 445,000 m2 deposit on the island of Trinidad. Bitumen from petroleum or crude oil is called asphalt (qv). It is the material left behind after all the valuable compounds, eg, gasolines, have been distilled out of the cmde oil. The amount and quality of asphalt is dependent on the source of the crude oil used in the refining process. Some cmde oils have a higher content of asphaltic bitumen left after the distillation process. Bitumen from coal is coal-tar pitch. It remains after the valuable coal oils and tars have been distilled out of the coal tars produced by distractive distillation. Most industrial applications for bitumen products use asphalt or coal-tar pitch because the supply is more uniform and plentiful. 

In analytical chemistry in the early 1990s, NMR was routinely used to study (1) polymers, polymer networks, and copolymers, and (2) asphalt, bitumens, Lars, and pitches, amuiig numerous examples that could be cited. 

Rock asphalt bitumen that occurs in formations that have a limiting ratio of bitumen-to-rock matrix. 

Asphalt (Natural) A natural mineral pitch, tar or bitumen composed principally of hydrocarbons a natural bituminous rock that is dark colored, comparatively hard and nonvolatile. Does not include asphalt, bitumen, tar or other substances, derived from petroleum processing. 

Crude Oil A naturally occurring hydrocarbon produced from an underground reservoir. See also Asphalt, Bitumen, Extra-Heavy Crude Oil, Heavy Crude Oil, Light Crude Oil, Oil. 

---