As Fischer-Tropsch catalysts

Iron Nitrides as Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts Robert B. Anderson Hydrogenation of Organic Compounds with Synthesis Gas Milton Orchin The Uses of Raney Nickel Eugene Lieber and Fred L. Morritz... 

Iron Nitrides as Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts Robert B. Anderson... 

Mechanisms by the Method of Intermediates in Quasi-Stationary Concentrations J. A. Christiansen Iron Nitrides as Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts... 

These trends are consistent with observations made to characterize the chain growth of surface carbon that was deposited by methane decomposition. In a row of the periodic table, the selectivity to hydrocarbon formation was foimd to increase from right to left for example, palladium shows a lower selectivity than ruthenium 111,112). Metals such as platinum and iridium are characterized by higher selectivities for chain growth initiated from "Cl" species than other metals because of their relatively high M—C bond energies. However, platinum and iridium are unsuitable as Fischer-Tropsch catalysts because the dissociation of CO is too slow. 

Cobalt Clays and Double-Layered Hydroxides as Fischer—Tropsch Catalysts... 

Both chlorites and hydrotalcites performed as Fischer Tropsch catalysts, with an Anderson-Schulz-Flory value of about 0.8, as expected from the presence of metallic cobalt. Both yielded condensates consisting mainly of n-alkanes, peaking at and... 

Investigations into these topics are presented in this volume. Iron, nickel, copper, cobalt, and rhodium are among the metals studied as Fischer-Tropsch catalysts results are reported over several alloys as well as single-crystal and doped metals. Ruthenium zeolites and even meteo-ritic iron have been used to catalyze carbon monoxide hydrogenation, and these findings are also included. One chapter discusses the prediction of product distribution using a computer to simulate Fischer-Tropsch chain growth. 

Iron is the industrial Fischer-Tropsch catalyst and is applied in practice. Reduced iron interacts strongly with carbon. Because the activation energy for carbon diffusion into the metallic iron lattice is low (40-65 kJ/mol), the metal converts to iron carbides during reaction. According to Niemantsverdriet et al, the initial rate of the Fischer-Tropsch reaction is low because the carburization process consumes most of the carbon. When the iron particles become saturated, carbon stays at the surface where it is available for the actual Fischer-Tropsch reaction. Molybdenum is also converted to a carbide or an oxide when exposed to synthesis gas in this state it is an active catalyst. However, the early transition metals form stable but unreactive compounds in synthesis gas and are inactive as Fischer-Tropsch catalysts. 

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