Artificial intelligence and symbolic computing

Stephanopoulos, G., Artificial Intelligence and Symbolic Computing in Process Engineering Design. In Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design (J. J. Siirola, I. E. Grossmann, and G. Stephanopoulos, eds.), p. 21, Elsevier, New York, 1989. 

George Stephanopoulos, Symbolic Computing and Artificial Intelligence in Chemical Engineering A New Challenge... 

A mathematical device, the NSS, which can be related to Artificial Intelligence techniques, has been defined and applied in order to solve or reformulate some quantum chemical problems. This symbol is related to computer formulae generation. It has been shown that by means of the use of NSS s many applications of such symbols can be found in mathematics as well as in Mathematical Chemistry in particular. 

KARMA is an interactive computer assisted drug design tool that incorporates quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR), conformational analysis, and three-dimensional graphics. It represents a novel approach to receptor mapping analysis when the x-ray structure of the receptor site is not known, karma utilizes real time interactive three-dimensional color computer graphics combined with numerical computations and symbolic manipulation techniques from the field of artificial intelligence. 

George Stephanopoulos, Symbolic Computing and Artificial Intelligence in Chemical Engineering A New Challenge The Identity of Our Profession Morton M. Denn, The Identity of Our Profession... 

Indeed, there are some important studies on the origin of replicating structure from the side of computation (e.g., Ref. 24). However, the conventional AL study often tended to imitate life, and could not propose basic concepts to understand what is life. Also, the conventional AL study was often biased into the study in a computer. It often assumes a combination of logical processes with manipulation of symbols like the study of artificial intelligence. 

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