Aromatic phosphate esters

Commercially available flame retardants include chlorine- and bromine-containing compounds, phosphate esters, and chloroalkyl phosphates. Recent entry into the market place is a blend of an aromatic bromine compound and a phosphate ester (DE-60F Special) for use in flexible polyurethane foam (8). This paper describes the use of a brominated aromatic phosphate ester, where the bromine and phosphorus are in the same molecule, in high temperature thermoplastic applications. 

We previously reported that brominated aromatic phosphate esters are highly effective flame retardants for polymers containing oxygen such as polycarbonates and polyesters (9). Data were reported for use of this phosphate ester in polycarbonates, polyesters and blends. In some polymer systems, antimony oxide or sodium antimonate could be deleted. This paper is a continuation of that work and expands into polycarbonate alloys with polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS). 

Figure 4. Flame Retarding Polycarbonate/PET Polyester Alloy 1. brominated polycarbonate oligomer 2. brominated polystyrene 3. brominated aromatic phosphate ester...

Chem. Descrip. Aromatic phosphate ester, sodium salt Uses Detergent, emulsifier, wetting agent tor heavy-duty, all-purpose, hard-surf., and metal cleaners emulsifier tor min. oil, crude oil, pesticides paraffin dispersant for oil treatment prolongs life of wax and resin floor finishes... 

Chem. Descrip. Aromatic phosphate ester of ethoxylated nonylphenol, free acid CAS 51811-79-1... 

Saba, C.S., Forstes-, N.H. ReactioDS of aromatic phosphate esters with metals and their oxides. Tribol. Lett. 12, 135-146 (2002). doi 10.1023/A 1014081523491... 

These aromatic phosphate esters in free acid form find application in nearly all fields that use surfactants. They are especially suited for use as emulsifiers for polymers, pesticides, cleaning fluids and other compounds. 

Among the aromatic phosphate esters, tricresyl phosphates with one or more o-cresyl groups are of toxicological importance (17). 

Chem. Desaip. Aromatic phosphate ester Ionic Nature Anionic... 

Chem. Descrip. Aromatic phosphate ester Uses Emulsifier for polymers, pesticides, cleaning formulations Features Stable In strongly alkaline and electrolytic sol ns, high temps. promotes latex stability and adhesion of the resultant polymer film Properties Lt. amber liq. Gardner color 4 max. sol. in water sp.gr. 1.12 dens. 

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