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Areca catechu arecoline from

The choline ester, carbachol, activates M-cholinoceptors, but is not hydrolyzed by AChE. Carbachol can thus be effectively employed for local application to the eye (glaucoma) and systemic administration (bowel atonia, bladder ato-nia). The alkaloids, pilocarpine (from Pilocarpus jaborandi) and arecoline (from Areca catechu betel nut) also act as direct parasympathomimetics. As tertiary amines, they moreover exert central effects. The central effect of muscarinelike substances consists of an enlivening, mild stimulation that is probably the effect desired in betel chewing, a widespread habit in South Asia. Of this group, only pilocarpine enjoys therapeutic use, which is limited to local application to the eye in glaucoma... [Pg.102]

Nicotinic acid undoubtedly provides the basic skeleton for some other alkaloids. Ricinine (Figure 6.35) is a 2-pyridone structure and contains a nitrile grouping, probably formed by dehydration of a nicotinamide derivative. This alkaloid is a toxic constituent of castor oil seeds (Ricinus communis Euphorbiaceae), though the toxicity of the seeds results mainly from the polypeptide ricin (see page 434). Arecoline (Figure 6.36) is found in Betel nuts (Areca catechu Palmae/Arecaceae) and is a tetrahydronicotinic acid derivative. Betel nuts are chewed in India and Asia for the stimulant effect of arecoline. [Pg.314]

Seeds of Areca catechu (betel nut) (Palmae) contain the simple jV-methyltetrahydropyridine 3-carboxylic acid (jV-methyl-A -tetrahydronicotinic acid) arecaidine and arecoline (arecai-dine methyl ester) (Section 1, Appendix) that are mACh-R agonists and accordingly parasympathetic stimulants. Betel nut also yields guvacine (A -tetrahydronicotinic acid) that is an anti-epileptic GABA transport inhibitor. Conversely the jV-methyl dihydropyridone derivative ricinine from seeds of Ricinus communis (castor seed) (Euphorbiaceae) is a stimulatory agonist acting at the benzodiazepine site of the GABA(A) receptor. [Pg.14]

Arecoline is an alkaloid which is obtained from the seeds of Areca catechu (Palmae). [Pg.360]

Arduan pipecuronium bromide, arecoline is an alkaloid from Areca catechu (Palmae). It is a MUSCARINIC CHOLINOCEPTOR AGONIST (experimental use), and is hypotensive. It has purgative actions and can be used as a vermifuge and taenifuge in veterinary medicine. Aredia pamidronic acid. [Pg.40]

The alkaloid arecoline is illustrative of such a situation. The drug, which is obtained from the areca or betel nut (Areca catechu), has been chewed as a euphoric stimulant in southern Asia for centuries. It is used today mainly as a large-animal anthelmintic because of its strong peristaltic and cathartic action. Having a pKa of 7.6, it is 60% protonated at... [Pg.350]

Other simple derivatives of nicotinic acid in nature include arecoline, obtained from the seed of the areca nut Areca catechu, Arecaeae) and rici-nine, obtained from the seed of the castor oil plant Ricinus communis, Euphorbiaceae). [Pg.183]

Arecoline, a constituent of the fruits of Areca catechu (betel nuts), is probably built from nicotinic acid. Pieces of betel nuts mixed with lime and further ingredients and enveloped in leaves of Piper betle are chewed in South-East Asia as a stimulant. The physiologically active component is arecaidine, formed from arecoline by hydrolysis (F 3). [Pg.356]

Arecoline arecaidine methyl ester, found in betel nut derived from the palm Areca catechu, is widely used in many countries as a masticant. Areca also contains about 15% tannins. [Pg.138]

At the same time, there are alkaloids of piperidine skeleton which are derived from acetic acid or nicotinic acid pathways, e.g., coniine Conium maculatum) or arecoline (Areca catechu) and anatabine Nicotiana tabacum,... [Pg.305]


See other pages where Areca catechu arecoline from is mentioned: [Pg.41]    [Pg.340]    [Pg.539]    [Pg.401]    [Pg.77]    [Pg.539]    [Pg.373]    [Pg.48]    [Pg.1344]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.13 , Pg.660 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.13 , Pg.660 ]




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