Applications in Polymer Physics

K. Binder. General aspects of computer simulation techniques and their applications in polymer physics. In K. Binder, ed. Monte Carlo and Molecular Dynamics Simulations in Polymer Science. New York Oxford University Press, 1995, pp. 3 1. 

INTRODUCTION GENERAL ASPECTS OF COMPUTER SIMULATION TECHNIQUES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN POLYMER PHYSICS... 

Kashiwabra, H., Shimada, S., Hori, Y. and Sakaguchi, M. ESR Application to Polymer Physics — Molecular Motion in Solid Matrix in which Free Radicals are Trapped. Vol. 82, pp. 141 -207. 

G Yu and AJ Heeger, Semiconducting polymers as materials for device applications, in The Physics of Semiconductors, M. Schleffer and R. Zimmerman, Eds., World Scientific, Singapore,... 

Our motivation for offering a further consideration of excimer fluorescence is that it is a significant feature of the luminescence behavior of virtually all aryl vinyl polymers. Although early research was almost entirely devoted to understanding the intrinsic properties of the excimer complex, more recent efforts have been directed at application of the phenomenon to solution of problems in polymer physics and chemistry. Thus, it seems an appropriate time to evaluate existing information about the photophysical processes and structural considerations which may influence excimer formation and stability. This should help clarify both the power and limitations of the excimer as a molecular probe of polymer structure and dynamics. 

CARS microscopy has emerged as a highly sensitive analytical tool for vibrational bioimaging, predominantly, of lipids in membrane model systems [69, 81-84], live unstained cells [85-95, 43], and both ex vivo and in vivo tissues [26, 96-103, 43]. Examples of CARS imaging applications in the physical and material sciences include the study of fracture dynamics in drying silica nanoparticle suspensions [104], patterned polymeric photoresist film [105], drug molecules in a polymer matrix [106], and liquid crystals [107, 108],... 

This book will be of interest to graduate students and research workers in departments of physics, chemistry, electrical engineering and materials science studying polymer surfaces and interfaces and their application in polymer-based electronics. 

At the same time radical chemistry experienced a similar development. Except for extensive application in polymer chemistry, radical reactions were not considered generally useful synthetically. However, in these years fundamental studies in physical organic chemistry led to the establishment of a consistent picture of radical reaction kinetics, which triggered an explosion of synthetic applications in the 1980s (selected books and reviews [19-30]). Thanks to the ground-breaking studies by Kochi and others, the importance of transition metal chemistry for... 

Controlled synthesis of polymeric materials. The hallmark of much polymer education traditionally has been concern about materials containing distributions of molecular species. Many endeavors in polymer physical science, and untold numbers of applications, would benefit enormously from the finest possible control over the molecular purity of polymeric products. 

Those exanples clearly demonstrate the interest of a combined theoretical-experimental approach to extend the field of application of photoelectron spectroscopy in polymer physical chemistry. 

For small angle scattering work and for diffuse patterns, with high intensities as encountered in polymer physics applications, vidicon tube systems are certainly a possibility. 

In the previous chapters the main fields of application of the microhardness technique in polymer physics have been highlighted. The emphasis has been mostly on solving structural problems, looking for relationships between the structures of polymers and their properties (initially mechanical ones) or on studying the factors which determine the microhardness behaviour of various polymeric systems. 

Intensive properties should not be directly correlated with an extensive property such as %. It is much more reasonable to scale the values of the % indices in an appropriate manner and convert them to a set of intensive indices to be used in developing correlations for intensive properties. Scaling is a familiar concept in polymer physics, and is used in many different contexts [3], The very simple manner in which we will use a version of scaling in this manuscript is one more context for the application of this very useful concept. 

From the standpoint of molecular complexity, the most intriguing applications of thiophene and its derivatives focus either on the occurrence of the thiophene moiety in naturally occurring molecules or in pharmacological agents. Transformation of thiophene into other moieties also produces some remarkable molecules. From a commercial view, the unique electronic and physical properties of thiophene make it ideal for applications in polymers, liquid crystals and dyes. Examples of thiophene-containing cyclophanes and other macrocycles as well as organometallic derivatives complete this chapter. 

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